October, 19 ii 
HOUSE AND GARDEN 
263 
rubbed off quickly. A coat of shellac, 
sanded a trifle, and later a coat of wax 
rubbed till a soft dull finish is gained, com¬ 
plete the treatment. It is possible, how¬ 
ever, to get a good finish with merely a 
coat of wax over the stain. For a very 
fine finish several coats of shellac rubbed 
down with sandpaper are customary. 
Beeswax, melted, and mixed after re¬ 
moval from the fire with a little turpen¬ 
tine, may be used, or in its stead, one of 
the preparations of floor wax on the mar¬ 
ket. Oil stains have the advantage of not 
raising the grain of the wood, though 
they are not always permanent and may 
give a muddy look. Water stains require 
more skill to handle, and raise the grain, 
which then has to be sanded again, and 
touched up with stain, but they are perma¬ 
nent, cheap, and give clear results. If the 
wood is first gone over with a sponge 
moistened in water the raising of the 
grain may be avoided. Aniline dyes are 
sometimes used in turpentine and wax so¬ 
lution or in water. 
Bichromate of potash produces on oak 
a warm brown, on ash a rich red and on 
black walnut a dark brown. Another 
way of getting a brown color upon oak is 
by adding to one quart of water two 
ounces each of potash and pearlash. This, 
brushed on the wood, must be used care¬ 
fully. Birch, frequently dyed in doubtful 
taste to imitate mahogany, has its natural 
color deepened by a diluted sulphuric acid 
application. Care must of course be used 
in handling the acid. Its action may be 
stopped by the use of ammonia. Sulphuric 
acid brushed on, gives gray tones to pine 
and to cypress. One part of acid to five of 
water being used. Gumwood is given a 
gray color by an iron rust stain made by 
leaving iron filings in vinegar for some 
forty-eight hours. This stain may be 
weakened by water as desired. As in the 
case of many other stains, its effects do 
not show until the wood is perfectly dry. 
A satisfactory light gray is difficult to get 
upon oak with oil colors, which give an 
opaque look to the grain, but from Ger¬ 
many, where the subject of stains and fin¬ 
ishes has been entered into with charac¬ 
teristic thoroughness, comes an interesting 
receipt. The oak is brushed with a solu¬ 
tion obtained by putting twenty grammes 
of sulphate of iron into one litre of water. 
In a short time a bluish gray tint appears 
as the result of the action of blue vitriol 
upon the tannin in the oak. 
The method followed to obtain warm 
browns, greens and other dark colors upon 
oak and chestnut includes a preliminary 
treatment with ammonia fumes, which 
penetrate the wood to a considerable depth. 
; -eventing the light marks that come with 
hard treatment on poorly finished oak. 
Stain, a coat of shellac rubbed down with 
sandpaper and wax, are afterwards ap¬ 
plied. To fume woodwork, after it is set 
up and sanded, a strong solution of am¬ 
monia, twenty-six per cent., is placed on 
the floor in open dishes. About a gallon 
might be used for a large room. The 
room is sealed, as for fumigating, as close¬ 
ly as possible, with strips of paper pasted 
$. Altman $c (En. 
INVITE INSPECTION OF THEIR NEW STOCKS OF 
ORIENTAL CARPETS, RUGS & HALL RUNNERS 
ANTIQUES AND SEMI-ANTIQUES 
ALSO FINE SPECIMENS OF MODERN ORIENTAL 
RUGS ESPECIALLY SELECTED WITH A VIEW 
TO HOME DECORATIVE REQUIREMENTS 
MODERATE PRICES PREVAIL 
Jfftftlj Aunuu' 
THIRTY-FOURTH STREET 
THIRTY-FIFTH STREET 
Nem fork 
Opens with the Foot. 
THREE THINGS YOU NEED 
FIRST: The only sanitary method 
of caring for garbage, deep in 
the ground in heavy galvanized 
bucket with bail. Garbage can¬ 
not freeze. Avoid the battered 
can and scattered refuse result¬ 
ing from removal of frozen con¬ 
tents. Health Demands it. 
UNDERGROUND GARBAGE RECEIVER 
UNDERFLOOR REFUSE RECEIVER 
[UNDERGROUND EARTH CLOSET 
SECOND: This clean, convenient 
way of disposing of ashes from 
furnace or hot water heater, 
cellar and yard refuse. Fire¬ 
proof, flush with floor. Abolish 
the old ash barrel. 
THIRD: It sup¬ 
plies a safe and 
sanitary method to 
I keep your water 
supply safe from 
pollution. It pre- 
1 vents the danger from the house or 
typhoid fly, around cauipi or farm, dis¬ 
seminating its poisonous germs to your 
l family. Nine years in practical use. It 
pays to lo-.k us up. 
Sold direct. Send for Circulars on each. 
G. H. STEPHENSON, Mfr. 
20 Farrar Street Lynn Mass. 
A Camp Necessity. 
Easy to sweep into. 
THE 
PERGOLA 
thM&'MAf JtJ - SANDERS ODMPAjJV 
Send for catalogue No. P -27 of Pergolas, sun dials 
and garden furniture, or P -40 of wood columns. 
HARTMANN - SANDERS CO, 
Elston & Webster Avenues, Chicago, Ill. 
East, office, 1123 Broadway, New York City 
Exclusive Manufacturers of 
ROLL'S PATENT LOCK JOINT COLUMNS 
Suitable for Pergolas, porches and interior use. 
NO DELAY TO GET THE CLOTHES DRY ON WASH DAY 
When using the “CHICAGO-FRANCIS” Combined Clothes Dryer and Laundry 
Stove. Clothes are dried without extra expense, as the waste heat from the laundrv 
stove dries the clothes. Can furnish stove suitable for burning wood coal or gas 
Dries the clothes as perfectly as sunshine. Especially adapted for use in Residences. 
Apartment Buildings and Institutions. All Dryers are built to order in various 
sizes and can be made to fit almost any laundry room. Write today for descriptive 
circular and our handsomely illustrated No. 12 catalog. Address nearest office. 
CHICAGO DRYER CO. OR SHANNON MFC. CO. 
630 So. Wabash <ve., CHICAGO. HI, 124 Lexington ive, NEW YORK CITY 
Plant for Immediate Effect 
Not for Future Generations 
Start with the largest stock that can be secured. It takes over twenty years 
to grow such Trees and Shrubs as we offer. 
We do the long waiting-— thus enabling you to secure Trees and Shrubs that give 
an immediate effect. Price List Now Ready. 
ANDORRA NURSERIES B H °. X PH Ill^DE LPHIA, , f L pA. 
WM. WARNER HARPER, Proprietor 
In writing to advertisers please mention House and Garden. 
