The Ancient City of Salzburg 
A GENERAL VIEW OF THE CITY FROM THE CAPUZINERBERG 
another struggled to put down the Lutheran 
doctrines. The greatest religious disturbance 
and the one which is associated with the em¬ 
igration to America took place in the time 
of Archbishop Anton Freiherr von Firmian, 
who, in the hope of converting the Lutherans, 
called in the aid of the Jesuits. Acting on 
their suggestion, he issued an edict in 1731 
Hohen-Salzburg, whose history is practically the 
history oi the city. Salzburg has been chiefly under 
the rule of archbishops, who maintained their valu¬ 
able property against all comers, whether king 01- 
prince or prelate. They kept the fortress prepared 
for all emergencies, never knowing from whence 
attack might come; and the people, grateful for 
the protection thus afforded, gave liberally of their 
goods and money. At the time of the Reformation 
the doctrines of Luther found their way into Salz¬ 
burg, and obtained sympathy not only with the 
common people, but also with some of the council¬ 
lors and preachers. The archbishop, alarmed by 
the state of things, called in outside aid and took 
the city by storm, and imposed upon it serious ex¬ 
actions and disabilities. These so incensed the pop¬ 
ulace that they rose in revolt, besieged the arch¬ 
bishop in his own fortress of Hohen-Salzburg, and 
compelled him to ameliorate their lot. This, of 
course, did not end the trouble. T here were more 
sieges and more revolts; and one archbishop after A typical house entrance 
The position of Salzburg is distinctly in¬ 
teresting. It lies a little beyond the southern 
extremity of the great plain of Bavaria, and 
controls the long and tortuous valley of the 
river Salzach. Hills and mountains are all 
around it, the former close to the city—one 
actually within its boundary—and the latter 
some miles distant. This hill within the 
boundary is capped by a fortress called 
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