70 
House & Garden 
Thinning the fruit for the first 
season or two makes for bet¬ 
ter development of tree and 
crop 
Behind the House Stands the Orchard 
{Continued from page 54) 
The best white fleshed peaches are den. It is often a good plan to have a 
Mountain Rose, Stumpp and Carman; border of small fruits around the tree 
n yellow fleshed, Elberta, Crawford orchard. 
ind Woodmont will be found reliable. Straight rows in the orchard are very 
The Japanese types of plums are by far necessary. Use a line to lay them out, 
the most productive; Abundance, Bur- and a measuring stick to make sure all 
bank, Satsuma and October Purple are the marking stakes are equidistant. Set 
ill good sorts. Bradshaw, Green Gage the stakes before you start to plant, 
ind Washington are also dependable va- and in digging the holes for the trees 
■ieties. Among grapes, the best black let them be of sufficient size to allow 
iorts for outdoor culture are Worden some latitude for crooked stems. The 
ind Concord, the former a larger grape trees when finished should be in perfect 
;han Concord, but not as good a grow- alignment both ways. 
:r. Brighton and Catawba are consid- There is no secret in f 
:red the best red fruited grapes, while in Any person of ordinary ii 
vhite varieties Niagara is a leader. will make a reasonable effort can plant 
A splendid red currant is Perfection, perfectly with little if any actual ex- 
vith Fay’s Prolific second. White Grape perience. The holes should be of lib- 
is considered the best white sort and eral size so there will be abundance of 
•koop Giant the most desirable black room to spread out the roots in a nat- 
ited variety. In raspberries. Rath- ural position. The soil in the bottom of 
n is a very large fruited type, but the hole should be well prepared and 
Cuthbert is perhaps the best red and thoroughly enriched to encourage down- 
"" olden Queen an unexcelled amber col- ward growth. Set the trees about 1" 
ed variety. Industry and Downing deeper than they were planted at the 
e the most desirable varieties of goose- nursery, and see that the soil is well 
Tries, but they do not measure up to firmed around the roots to eliminate air 
the standard of the large fruited English pockets. The best plan when preparing 
sorts such as Crown Bob or Red Jacket, for planting is to dig holes about 3' in 
Unfortunately, these latter are inclined width and depth, separating the top 
.0 mildew, though this trouble can be soil and subsoil in the digging. A little 
:oritrolled by proper spraying. manure or coarse crushed bone should 
be put at the bottom to add to the 
Planting the Orchard 
The first thing to do is to make a filling, the top soil should be used at the 
ittle sketch plan of the area available bottom; if enough of it is not available 
ind see how many trees you can fit into to complete the planting, the subsoil can 
the space without crowding. Have them be used on top. 
mged so that the taller trees are on When the trees arrive from the'nurs- 
the north side of the garden and con- ery they should immediately be “heeled 
sequently will not shade the others, in”—laid on their sides and their roots 
Figure the spacing out so that the short covered with soil. This will prevent the 
lived trees such as peaches will only roots being damaged by the sun or wind, 
be fillers which can be taken away when and when planting each tree can be 
they have outlived their usefulness, leav- handled separately with no danger of 
ing a perfectly spaced and well bal- exposure to the others. All broken or 
anced orchard. mutilated roots must be removed clean. 
To make the orchard a part of the using a sharp knife or pruning shears; 
home grounds the small fruits must not new roots will quickly start from the 
be neglected. They give quick returns clean cut. The filling of the holes should 
(some even fruiting the first season) be done in small layers, firming each 
and by proper management they will layer with the heel; or when water is 
go on producing indefinitely. Currants, available, a thorough puddling is one of 
gooseberries, grapes, blackberries and the best ways of settling the soil around 
raspberries come under this heading; the roots. In all planting ORerations 
the two latter are usually trained to the plentiful use of water will avoid un- 
wires or stakes, and when handled in necessary losses, 
this manner are fit subjects for any gar- {Continued on page 12) 
