July 26, 1913 
FOREST AND STREAM 
107 
but purely to aid those who care to accept our 
hospitality and assistance. So many have at¬ 
tempted squab culture and failed, purely for 
want of the proper knowledge before they at¬ 
tempted it. Board may be secured at the village 
nearby, and at very reasonable rates. We have 
reading and lecture room and literature helpful 
to the beginner, and a very good idea and prac¬ 
tical knowledge may be gleaned in a short time 
spent here at Yama Farms, Napanoch, N. Y. 
Sheep Go Four Months Without Water. 
BY U. S. FOREST DEPARTMENT. 
Sheep on the Nebo national forest, Utah, 
go four and a half months without water ex¬ 
cept for such moisture as they get from the dew 
and the juices of forage plants. 
Grazing sheep on a range entirely destitute 
of water is a recent innovation due to the in¬ 
creasing demand for forage, and the efforts of 
the forest officers to find a place on the forest 
ranges for all the stock that can safely be ad¬ 
mitted. The area on the Nebo, which has now 
proved usable by sheep, is high and rocky, a 
portion of it being above timber line, and it has 
neither springs nor streams of sufficient size or 
accessibility to be used for stock-watering pur¬ 
poses. The grazing season lasts from June 15 
to Oct. 31, and during this period of four and 
a half months the animals do not get a drink. 
Under such conditions, however, the sheep 
have done extremely well, and last year’s lambs 
from this range had an average weight at the 
close of the season of sixty-eight pounds on the 
Chicago market, which was rather above the 
normal weight from that vicinity. 
In one area on the Targhee forest in Idaho 
sheep get water only twice during the four 
months’ summer grazing season. There is no 
water on the range, but the sheep are driven to 
a nearby stream lower down the mountain side. 
Lambs from this range weighed sixty-five 
pounds on the Chicago market. 
How <0 Warm Wrapped Bread. 
BY THE U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Many persons who are fond of freshly 
baked and even warm baker’s bread have, it 
seems, been opposing the modern sanitary 
method of having all bread wrapped and sealed 
cold and not handled by clerks or exposed to 
dust, flies, germs and filth on counters or in 
wagons. The Bureau of Chemistry of the De¬ 
partment of Agriculture regards the wrapping 
of bread as so important that it has caused 
the Plant Chemistry Laboratory to make a series 
of experiments to determine whether those who 
like fresh or warm bread cannot get what they 
want in wrapped form. Bread fresh from the 
oven if wrapped while warm becomes moist and 
clammy and of unpleasant flavor. Loaves, there¬ 
fore, must be allowed to cool thoroughly before 
being wrapped. After some experiment the ex¬ 
perts found that if a cold-wrapped loaf is un¬ 
wrapped and placed in a pan in the oven in good 
medium heat for ten minutes, it will be as good 
as fresh, crisp without and tender within, and, 
at the same time will be free from any pollution 
it might have gained if conveyed unprotected 
from baker to consumer. The Bureau believes 
that if lovers of warm bread will try this plan, 
they, too, will become ardent advocates of the 
clean, wrapped method of purveying bread. 
New Game Laws of California Defined. 
BY GOLDEN GATE. 
A number of changes are being made this 
year in the game laws of California, and with 
new State regulations and changes in game dis¬ 
tricts, and new county ordinances going into 
effect it has been a very difficult matter for even 
the best posted of the local sportsmen to find 
out for certain just when they will be allowed 
to hunt deer in some of the counties of the 
State. In some instances the county ordinances 
clash with the State laws, and measures that 
were passed a few weeks ago have been re¬ 
scinded, owing to the failure of the Governor 
to sign certain important bills. The California 
Fish and Game Commission recently issued a 
statement setting forth the latest information at 
hand regarding the hunting of deer in the vari¬ 
ous counties in this section of the State. The 
statement is as follows: 
“After considerable difficulty the Fish and 
Game Commission has been able to obtain some 
information in regard to the game ordinances of 
the counties that will be of interest to San 
Francisco sportsmen. It has been definitely as¬ 
certained that the ordinances passed in Sonoma, 
Marin, Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties will 
be enforced by the county officials and that in 
consequence there will be no deer hunting in 
these counties until the first day of August. 
San Benito, Alameda, San Mateo, Lake and 
Mendocino counties have either rescinded the 
ordinances adopted or will do so, and in these 
counties deer shooting will begin July 1 and 
continue until Aug. 31. 
“There being no local regulation of any kind 
regarding the possession of deer, the animals 
can be brought into San Francisco during the 
months of July and August, but not later, when 
the season will be open in districts 1, 3, 6 and 7. 
The new laws make practically no changes in 
the game seasons and limits. One important 
change, however, is the new law which will go 
into effect on Aug. 11, which prohibits the ship¬ 
ment and sale of all kinds of game except wild 
geese and rabbits. An exception is made, how¬ 
ever, in the case of wild ducks, which may be 
sold (but not shipped) during the month of 
November. The other changes of the game law 
situation are due to the transfer of several coun¬ 
ties from one game district to another.” 
The State law provides that deer may be 
killed in Marin county between July 1 and Sept. 
1, but the county ordinance limits the season to 
the month of August. The question of State 
and county rights is being brought up, and the 
county officials take the stand -that while they 
cannot lengthen the season named by the State, 
they can shorten it if desired. 
The open season for deer, according to the 
State law, is as follows: July 1 to Aug. 31, 
Mendocino, Glenn, Colusa, Lake, Sonoma, Napa, 
Yolo, Solano, Marin, Stanislaus, Merced, Madera, 
Fresno, Kings, Tulare, Kern, Contra Costa, 
Alameda, San Matoe, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, 
San Benito, Monterey, San Luis Obispo. 
Aug. 15 to Oct. 31, Siskiyou, Modoc, Lassen, 
Shasta, Trinity, Tehama, Plumas, Butte, Sierra, 
Yuba, Sutter, Nevada, Placer, El Dorado, Sac¬ 
ramento, Amador, Calaveras, Tuolumne, Mari¬ 
posa. 
Aug. 15 to Sept. 15, Ventura, Los Angeles, 
Orange, San Diego, Imperial, Riverside, San 
Bernardino. 
In San Joaquin county the seasons opens on 
July 1 and closes Aug. 11. No shooting on Aug. 
12, 13 and 14. The season reopens Aug. 15 and 
closes Oct. 31. 
In Santa Barbara county the season opens 
Aug. 11 and closes Aug. 31. 
In Inyo, Mono and Alpine the season opens 
Aug. 15 and closes Oct. 31. 
In Plumboldt and Del Norte the season opens 
Aug. 11 and closes Aug. 31. 
Heavy Slaughter of Deer on Opening Day 
by golden gate. 
In such counties of California where deer 
shooting was permitted on July 1, large numbers 
of the animals were slain, as a great many 
hunters were in the field. In Sonoma county 
the slaughter was particularly heavy, not less 
than fifty bucks having been bagged on July 1, 
many of these by San Franciscans. At Ornbaun 
Springs nine deer were brought in before sun¬ 
down. 
The first fatality of the season occured on 
July 5 when James McDougal, a rancher of 
Sonoma county, was shot by his neighbor, James 
Ferris, who mistook him for a deer. 
The killing of a four-pronged buck in San 
Mateo county on the opening date almost caused 
human bloodshed, as it was claimed by not less 
than sixteen hunters. Not until one of the bel¬ 
ligerents had been arrested was the ownership 
of the animal decided upon. 
Prohibition of Importation of Birds into 
Australia. 
A proclamation by the governor-general of 
Australia (the Earl of Dudley) in I he Com¬ 
monwealth of Australia Gazette, March 25, If) 11 * 
provides that importation of the plumage and 
skins of a large number of species of birds shall 
be prohibited, except for educational or scien¬ 
tific purposes. The birds listed are birds of 
paradise, humming birds, monaul (Impeyan) 
pheasants, argus pheasants, crowned (goura) 
pigeons, rheas, owls, kingfishers, macaws, storks, 
herons, ibises, spoonbills, todies, cocks-of-the- 
rock, and quetzals (resplendent trogons). 
Use For Raisin Seeds. 
The Department of Agriculture has found 
that about 4,000 tons of raisin seeds are thrown 
away annually at the plants in California where 
raisins are seeded for market, and that four 
products can be obtained from the seeds if 
properly treated. 
A syrup may be made from the sugary 
matter that adheres to the seeds; fixed oil, 
tannin extract and meal can be obtained from 
the seeds. The Government scientists maintain 
that these products can be obtained from the 
raisin seeds in sufficient quantities to make their 
extraction well worth the cost. 
