HOUSE AND GARDEN 
51 
July, 1912 
brood, and in a few weeks when the 
clovers are at their best it may be looked 
for to cast a swarm, and thus repeat the 
life story of the season before — in fact, 
of its ancestors for hundreds of years past. 
Presenting as the bees do, such a re¬ 
markable life history, it is not to be won¬ 
dered at that they have been the subject 
of much investigation as they are not only 
interesting, but also unusually profitable, 
as seen in the fact that many in all parts 
of the country depend upon the labor of 
the bee as a sole means of livelihood. 
The Knack of Budding and Graft¬ 
ing 
(Continued from page 29) 
the stock the tying on is accomplished. 
The material should be wound closely 
round the two portions of wood, 
although it should not be pulled too tight¬ 
ly, as this may readily interfere with the 
free flow of the sap when the union is ac¬ 
complished. It is now necessary to apply 
the grafting wax and this should be 
smeared rather thickly, so that all the 
points of union are entirely protected from 
the air. The object served by this protect¬ 
ing layer is to prevent the drying action 
of the atmosphere from hindering the 
process of uniting. Finally, of course, the 
wax will crumble away under the heat of 
the summer sun. 
Another form of grafting which is illus¬ 
trated is that known as cleft grafting. This 
is a very good method to employ when the 
stock seems too large for the carrying out 
of the whip process described above. The 
stock is sawn off, preferably in a slightly 
sloping fashion, again taking great pains 
to make the cut as clean as possible. With 
a sharp knife or a chisel cleave the stock 
at the top to the depth of perhaps two 
inches, making the cut broader at the top 
and the outside than it is at the bottom in¬ 
side. Leave the chisel in the cut to keep 
it open whilst the scion is being prepared. 
As in the case of the whip grafting select 
the scion with three or four buds, and 
very carefully cut the lower edge so that 
it will exactly fit into the cleft which has 
been hewn out on the stock. Of course in 
order to do this the scion must be cut 
smaller than the cleft. In any case the 
matter must be arranged so that when the 
scion is in position the bark on either side 
exactly joins that of the cleft. A small 
piece of tying material and an application 
of grafting wax completes the process. 
Other methods of grafting may be briefly 
summarized. In saddle grafting the top 
of the stock is cut into a wedge shape, and 
a cleft made up the middle of the scion. 
The graft is of course placed astride the 
stock, care being taken to see that the 
bark meets on at least one side. In an¬ 
other form known as wedge grafting the 
method is reversed, a cleft is cut in the 
stock, whilst the bottom of the scion is de¬ 
signed in wedge fashion. Root grafting 
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—1 - 
y1 
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The Cremorne Bolt 
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half round bolt, 
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Plan Perennial Planting Now 
produced by our perennials 
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SPARKILL, N. Y. (PERENNIALS) 
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