September, 1912 
HOUSE AND GARDEN 
17/ 
work proceeds. The foundation is first 
made of broken stones bonded together 
with cement and gravel. Then on this 
foundation the hollow concrete blocks are 
laid. But better yet are the homemade hol¬ 
low walls with one-quarter inch reinforc¬ 
ing rods. Two walls are practically built 
by this method with a hollow space be¬ 
tween them. The two walls need not be 
more than three or four inches thick if 
reinforcing rods are used every twelve 
inches. The space between should be ten 
inches, making a wall of 16 inches in all. 
The bottom and top of the air space should 
be filled in solid so that the dead air is 
imprisoned there. The reinforcing rods 
should be flat, with the ends turned up an 
inch, so they will bind the two walls 
firmly together and make the whole rigid 
and strong. 
The old-fashioned underground ice pit 
is simply an excavation in the ground, 
with a six-inch floor of loose stones and 
gravel for drainage, and walls of field 
stones or bricks laid up to keep the dirt 
sides from caving in. On top of the walls, 
the roof is laid. With plenty of sawdust 
for packing the ice away, there is no need 
of insulating materials in the walls. 
Semi-subterraneous ice houses are also 
made. Half of the house is underground, 
and the other half above. The upper part 
is made of frame walls, with sawdust 
packed between, and the roof laid on top. 
It is usually built on the side of a hill or 
elevation, and the entrance is through a 
door that is placed below the ground sur¬ 
face. An excavation is made through the 
side of the hill for the door. Such an ice 
house is easy and convenient to reach and 
greatly facilitates the handling of the ice. 
For dairy purposes sometimes a wide 
vestibule is provided in front of the house 
for the accommodation and chilling of 
milk. The entrance to the ice house is 
through this vestibule. The inner wall 
and door protect the ice from outside 
drafts of air, but the temperature of this 
vestibule is always kept low. The outer 
door must be kept closed all the time and 
opened only at intervals to remove the 
milk. If double windows are provided, 
the vestibule is a light place in which to 
work. 
The cost of ice house construction of 
course varies a good deal, but an idea may 
be obtained from a few typical illustra¬ 
tions. A 12 by 14 by 8 feet cement or 
grout ice house was built with the follow¬ 
ing materials: 26 loads of stones, 9 loads 
of sand, and 13 barrels of cement. In 
addition $40 worth of lumber and shingles 
were used. The total cost, including $15 
for hired labor, was not far from $100. 
A 14 by 16 by 8 feet frame ice house, 
with double walls for sawdust packing, 
was built at a cost of $145. In this case 
$23 were for labor, and $20 for shingles. 
The lumber bill, sills, joists and sundries, 
amounted to $80. But this house was well 
and carefully built with all improvements. 
In storing ice in the house care should 
be taken to have large cakes cut of good 
hard ice—never snow ice. These should 
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GUARANTEED 
PLUMBING 
FIXTURES 
iiSiEFORE the advent of "<$tandavd" Fixtures a sani¬ 
tary bathroom was a luxury of the rich. Today 
jbj ||! even the simplest homes enjoy and profit by their 
[. J refining influence. The moral effect of ‘'£>\axidaYd! 
||i Fixtures has been as great as their beauty, durability and excellence. 
The beauty, practical utility and quality of Standard" Fixtures, 
have formed the bathroom standards of the entire world. 
Genuine 'Standard" fixtures for the Home 
and for School, Office Buildings, Public 
Institutions, etc., are identified by the 
Green and Gold Label, with the exception 
of one brand of bath bearing the Red and 
Black Label, which, while of the first 
quality of manufacture, have a slightly 
thinner enameling, and thus meet the re¬ 
quirements of those who demand 'Standard" 
quality at less expense. All "Standard" 
fixtures, with care, will last a lifetime. 
And no fixture is genuine unless it bears 
the guarantee label. In order to avoid 
substitution of inferior fixtures, specify 
"(Standard" goods in writing (not verbally) 
and make sure that you get them. 
Standard cSamtar^TDfe.Co. Dept. 40 PITTSBURGH, PA 
nsss! b 
FT; 1 
New York . 35 West 31st Street 
Chicago . 900 S. Michigan Ave. 
Philadelphia . 1128 Walnut Street 
Toronto, Can. 59 Richmond St., E. 
Pittsburgh . 106 Federal Street 
St. Louis . 100 N. Fourth Street 
Cincinnati . 633 Walnut Street 
Nashville . 315 Tenth Avenue, So. 
NewOrleans,Baronne& St.JosephSts. 
Montreal, Can. . 215 Coristine Bldg. 
Boston . . John Hancock Bldg. 
Louisville . 319-23 W. Main Street 
Cleveland . 648 Huron Road, S. E. 
Hamilton, Can. . 20-28 Jackson St., W. 
London . . . 57-60 Holborn Viaduct 
Houston,Tex. . Preston and Smith Sts. 
San Francisco . MetropolisBank Bldg. 
Washington, D.C. . . Southern Bldg. 
Toledo. Ohio . . 311-321 Erie Street 
Fort Worth. Tex. . Front and Jones Sts. 
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Smoky Fireplaces 
Made to Draw 
Payment Conditional on Success 
FREDERIC N.WHITLEY E ^rac, a or d 
210 Fulton Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Heating—Ventilating—Air Filtration 
PLANTS & SHRUBS 
Before selecting anything in the line of 
trees, plants and shrubbery, you should visit 
our Nursery or write for illustrated cata¬ 
logue on Nursery Stock which we send free. 
Julius Roehrs Co., Exotic Nurseries, Rutherford, N. J. 
In writing to advertisers please mention House and Garden. 
