HOUSE AND GARDEN 
317 
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normal size and form a practically con¬ 
tinuous surface. 
While it is true that the hardy shrubs, 
as a rule, are not at all finicky about the 
soil and location that is given them, never¬ 
theless they appreciate good treatment; 
and as we naturally desire to have them 
develop into full size and vigor and do it in 
the least possible time, since it will at best 
be two or three years before we get the 
full returns from our labor, we should 
see to it that every practical advantage in 
the way of preparation and enrichment of 
the soil is given. If the soil is in good 
condition, simply spading up the “holes” 
two or three feet in diameter will be suffi¬ 
cient; but where it is packed and hard, 
having lain undisturbed for many years, 
or of a clayey nature, it will be far better 
to work it up as thoroughly as possible, 
using a plough if a border of any consider¬ 
able size is to be planted. The roots will 
spread much more rapidly in soil that has 
been loosened up, and of course the root 
growth regulates the above ground de¬ 
velopment. Unless the soil is in the best 
of shape, it will pay well, too, to enrich 
it when setting the shrubs. Old manure, 
a forkful or so to each plant, or two or 
three handfuls of coarse ground bone, 
should be mixed thoroughly with the soil 
in the bottom of the hole, which should 
be spaded up at least half a foot deeper 
than the roots of the plants will go when 
being set. (Fresh manure or chemical 
fertilizers are likely to cause trouble.) 
Having everything ready, unpack the 
shrubs, which should have been placed, 
upon arrival, in a cellar or shed out of the 
drying influence of wind and sun, and 
straighten out the roots. Cut off clean 
any which may have become broken or 
bruised in transit, just inside the break. 
Place the ball of earth and roots in the 
hole, spreading the former out as naturally 
as possible without disturbing the latter. 
The hole should be deep enough so that 
the stems or trunk of the shrub will be 
covered to the depth at which they have 
been growing, allowing an inch or so for 
the settling of the earth after filling. Fill 
in around the roots with fine loose soil, 
using the fingers to work it in carefully 
around the roots, and treading down with 
the foot, when enough soil has been put 
in to prevent any danger to the roots, 
to make all firm. When the hole is about 
a third full, pour in half a pailful or so 
of water, let it settle, and then fill in level 
with base of the surrounding sod, thus 
leaving a slight depression to hold mois¬ 
ture. The earth should be firmly packed 
down to within a few inches of the surface, 
which may be filled in loosely. 
Unless the shrubs have been pruned at 
the nursery before shipment, any long tops 
which might be whipped about by the wind 
or otherwise become broken should be cut 
back, so that the plant will have a com¬ 
pact, sturdy appearance after setting. In 
moving shrubs it is generally necessary 
to cut off or break many of the roots, and 
in such cases, or when for any reason part 
of the roots need to be cut off, the tops 
HE boy who stuffed his little fist in the dyke and saved Holland 
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