bearing in mind the essentials needed or used in the laying of a successful business en- 
terpiise of any kind. 
The mere fact that the consumption of walnuts throughout the U. S. is increasing 
annually and that we are consuming annually more than a pound to the person, should 
relieve the most skeptical persons of any thought of over-production for many years to 
come. About 60 per cent of all the walnuts now consumed in the U. S. are imported 
annually from Finance, China and Italy. The balance is being produced on the Pacific 
slope. 
ADAPTABILITY: Oregon and Washington have proven to be particularly suited to 
the production of high quality Grafted Pranquette Walnuts. Favorable soil conditions 
in t'he Northwest, quality of nut® secured, low priced soils lavailable for the planting: of 
walnuts, and low taxation are but a few of the factors which will eventually make the 
Northwest a leader in nut production. Co-operative marketing, proper distribution, and 
general advertising have already placed the Grafted Franquette foremost in its field. 
In the following paragraphs, we shall make an effort to establish the proper essen¬ 
tials for the successful planting and growing of-a commercial walnut grove. 
VARIETY: After many years of experience in handling and growing grafted walnuts, 
we have discarded practically all varieties excepting the Vrooman Franquette for com¬ 
mercial plantings. This variety has proven to be the best yielder, highest quality, and 
most hardy tree for the Northwest, blooming late enough to insure regular crops of 
finely filled nuts. This combination cannot be found in many sorts. 
PROPER SOIL: What is true of other commercial fruit trees of the Northwest is 
also true of the walnut. They do best in well-drained soil, clay loam and mellow soil 
of the valley prairie, upland hills, and lower land, where the soil has good texture and 
good drainage. Avoid soggy and all white land. 
DISTANCE PLANTED: This is a matter of choice, left to the planter, as many 
successful walnut planters vaiy on this. It is a matter to be decided by each individual 
planter. Plantings are being made from 40 to 60 feet apart, but probably the best and 
most used distance, where walnuts are set alone and without fillers, is 40x60 feet. 
FILLERS USED: When planting a walnut orchard, owing to the fact that they 
are large growers, and require plenty of room when in full bearing, the planter must 
arrange his distance so that when walnuts are large they will have sufficient room to 
take care of themselves; and this means the walnuts require a greater distanct than 
any other fruit tree. 
To make the land work to full capacity, where grafted walnuts are planted a long 
distance apart, we suggest the use of some good filler, and where location, soil, etc., are 
suited, the following fruit and nut trees are often used with success, bringing good div¬ 
idends to the grower from the 3rd to the 5th year. Peaches, pears, filberts and Mont¬ 
morency Large sour cherries* have proven in the past to be very profitable where in¬ 
terset with grafted walnuts. Reference to our general catalogue will show the number 
of fillers required to interset at various distances. 
In the meantime, while the walnuts are coming into full bearing, and do not requqire 
more room, the filler trees can be removed in part or all, and the planter has realized 
good money by doing this. 
CROPS GROWN BETWEEN ROWS: To bring in a revenue, while the orchard is 
young and a non-producer, inteicropping can be practiced with walnuts, where planted 
alone, and as well where planted with any other crop. Any cultivated crop can be grown 
for four years at least, and in some cases longer, such as potatoes, berries, beans, corn, 
stvawbreries, etc. In using a cultivated crop, your orchard is properly worked, which 
is very necessary to trees, and at the same time it is paying to you, and you are not 
at an expense, such as clean cultivation would entail, where no crops are grown. At 
ihe time the orchard begins to bear, or has produced a good growth, all intercropping 
should be stopped, and clean cultivation given to the orchard. 
CULTIVATION: Walnuts should, the same as ail other fruit trees, receive the 
necessaiy cultivation; either clean cultivation should be given, or intercropping prac¬ 
ticed. Uncultivated crops, such as grain, hay, etc., can be grown, by leaving a strip of 
.several feet along each side of tree rows, and the same to be kept cultivated. We, how¬ 
ever, do not recommend this; they will do well, yet not so well as where the entire ground 
is worked; for in this country, it is very necessary that we conserve all moisture possible 
for the benefit of the orchard. 
For the young planted grafted walnuts we suggest thorough hoeing be given them 
at least three times each season. It is well to do this at intervals of about three weeks, 
.‘■larting in the middle of May and carrying on into the summer. This will insure the 
young trees of securing enough moisture to make rapid growth. A young tree properly 
planted and cultivated, will, at the end of three years, grow to a height of 10 to 12 feet 
and will carry a nice top of five to six well formed limbs. 
now TO PLANT: In setting walnuts, the hole should be dug roomy enough to 
receive roots, without crowding, and should be set about two inches deeper than where 
Our Filbert Trees Bear Heavily 
Page 9 
