THE ROYAL ARTILLERY INSTITUTION, 
311 
Rodents. 
Lepus, Timidus, rare. 
Lepus, CuniculuSj very abundant at all depths. 
Mus, Rattus. 
Carnivora. 
Fells, Leopardus. 
F., Bardina. 
F., Serval. 
Hyaena, Brunnea , now repelled in the living state to Southern Africa. 
Canis, Vulpes. 
Meles, Tascus Ursus 3 not N. Spelaus —species undetermined. 
Delphinidce. 
Phocoena, Communis. 
Birds. —Remains numerous—genera and species undetermined. 
Tortoise. —Rare—species undetermined. 
Fish. —Remains numerous in the upper chambers. 
5. Apart from the still immature state of the investigation, it would be 
quite beyond the limits within which we are restricted in this communication 
for us to enter in detail upon the conclusions to which the data, furnished 
by the fossil remains, lead. We shall therefore confine ourselves to a few of 
the more important general points. 
6. The rock is now bared of natural forest trees, and destitute of wild 
animals, with the exception of the hare, rabbit, fox, badger and a few 
Magot monkeys, the last in all probability the descendants of introduced 
animals. The fossil remains of the “ Genista” cave establish beyond 
question that the rock was formerly either peopled by, or the occasional 
resort of, large quadrupeds like the elephant, rhinoceros, aurochs, deer, 
ibex, wild horse, boar, which were preyed upon by hyaenas, leopards, 
African lynx and serval. That the remains were transported by any violent 
diluvial agency from a distance is opposed to all the evidence of the case. 
The manner in which they were introduced into the Windmill Hill cave we 
believe to have been thus. The surface of the rock, and its level in relation 
to the sea, were formerly different from what we now see. The wild animals 
above enumerated, during a long series of ages, lived and died upon the 
rock. Their bones lay scattered about the surface, and in the vast majority 
of instances, crumbled into dust and disappeared under the influence of 
exposure to the sun, and other atmospheric agencies, as constantly happens 
under similar circumstances at the present day. But a certain proportion of 
them were strewed in hollows along the line of natural drainage. When 
heavy rains fell, the latter, for the time converted into torrents, swept the 
bones, with mud, shells, and other surface materials, into the fissures that 
intercepted their course. There the extraneous objects were arrested by the 
inequalities of the passages, and subsequently solidified into a conglomerate 
mass by long continued calcareous infiltration. That elephants frequented 
the rock is proved by a valuable specimen of the molar tooth of an extinct 
[vol. iv.] 41 
