HOUSE & GARDEN 
The Furniture 
Of the Classic 
Renaissance 
A. bout the middle of the 
XVIII Century there oc¬ 
curred simultaneously in 
England and on the Con¬ 
ti n e n t a renaissance o £ 
classic taste. 
fTT Encouraged by the lav- 
□J ish patronage of Royal¬ 
ty, the designers and cabinet¬ 
makers of the time created 
an entirely new style in fur- 
nishment — a style readily 
distinguishable from previ¬ 
ous fashions by the classic 
purity of its graceful design 
and the delicacy of its ex¬ 
quisite ornament. 
tfTT Those of us today who 
□I appreciate this heritage 
of a noble age will enjoy in¬ 
finite satisfaction in select¬ 
ing the appointments of both 
formal and informal rooms 
from the replicas of Old 
World Cabinetry exhibited 
in these interesting Galler¬ 
ies. And quite significant is 
the fact that their cost is by 
no means prohibitive. 
{JT Many specially designed 
pieces and importations, not 
elsewhere retailed, form an im¬ 
portant feature of this note¬ 
worthy collection. 
{IT Suggestions may be gained 
from interior views, such as 
the Louis Seize Chamber illus¬ 
trated in miniature above, which 
will be sent gratis upon request. 
NeuT|jork(5eiIfrric$ 
Grand Rapids Rirniture Company 
INCORPORATED 
34~36 We si 32- Sireet 
New York City 
The Winter Protection of Roses 
H OW often in the course of con¬ 
versation with lovers of garden 
roses do we hear the term “win¬ 
ter-killed” employed ! Ordinarily it is 
occasioned by the loss of a favorite 
plant or plants, and comprises to 
the amateur a vague, uncontrollable 
but very destructive agency. Its very 
existence puts a damper upon the 
planting of finer and better roses, as 
too frequently the purchases of the 
spring are intended to take the places 
of the dead members of the rose 
garden, rather than add to its extent. 
A great measure of prevention 
against losses of this kind lies in the 
adoption of better methods of winter 
protection. The natural protection 
for plant life during the severe 
weather of the dormant season is a 
permanent covering of snow. Con¬ 
tinued cold is not especially injurious, 
but the changeable nature of our 
winters — periods of extremely low 
temperature followed by thaws — 
proves disastrous to a great many of 
our most valuable outdoor plants. 
The greatest injury is sustained by 
subjects with shallow roots, in the 
latter months of the winter, when, 
due to the action of the frost, the 
ground upheaves, exposing the net¬ 
work of fibers to the biting winds. 
Much damage is also done to the 
softer sections of the roses by sud¬ 
den visitations of severe frost in 
December, following an unusually' 
warm autumn. Unprepared as in 
September for this ordeal, the un¬ 
ripened wood is frozen to the ground, 
the plants being ruined. 
Roses vary greatly in degree of 
hardihood, some being very frost- 
resisting and others succumbing 
easily to it, so different means of 
protecting them from the rigors of 
the cold months must be adopted. 
And no two winters’ being alike, the 
fact that a plant got through the past 
one uncovered does not supply proof 
that it will survive the next. 
Wintering the Ever-Bloomers 
This section of roses, comprising 
the Teas, Hybrid Teas, Bourbons 
and Polyanthas, require the greatest 
protection. They are the tenderest 
but, being planted usually in rectangu¬ 
lar beds or rows, are quite readily 
taken care of. In the latitude of 
Philadelphia the everblooming types 
are unsafe exposed after November 
15. The best method of giving pro¬ 
tection is to bend the tops over, tying 
them to the bases of their neighbors, 
and if in beds, build a framework of 
boards about, filling with dry leaves 
and covering with boards with joints 
broken. If in rows the boards can 
be run alongside, filled and covered 
in like manner. Single plants can be 
wrapped with burlap or straw, 
which furnishes very satisfactory 
protection. If this method is chosen 
a thick mulch should be put about 
the base of the plants which will re¬ 
tard the frost and prevent prema¬ 
ture root activity in the spring, by 
intercepting the sun’s rays and keep¬ 
ing the soil cool. Lifting and heel¬ 
ing in, in frames or cellars, is often 
advised for roses of these groups, 
and it is a good way of saving the 
plants; but supplying adequate pro¬ 
tection without disturbing the roots 
has much in its favor. As a general 
thing the use of manure is not recom¬ 
mended, as the absence of moisture 
prevents it from being of any use. 
In uncovering in the spring, remove 
the leaves, but let the board enclosure 
stand, thus gradually' inuring the 
plants to the change. In a few days 
the tops can be loosened and the 
pruning done. Plants protected in¬ 
dividually' should not be exposed un¬ 
til all danger of severe frost is past. 
Placing barrels or boxes over bushes 
is also an excellent way of affording 
protection, t he only required care 
being that the chaff or leaves used 
be dry. Mice are very fond of chaff, 
but if it is applied after the ground 
freezes for the winter, there is lit¬ 
tle danger of its suffering in this 
direction. 
The Hybrid Perpetuals and Mosses 
Members of these important classi¬ 
fications are supposed to be sufficient¬ 
ly' hardy to withstand successfully' the 
rigors of winter, but protection is of 
marked benefit to them. Some of 
the Mosses are quite tender and have 
to be handled like the Hybrid Teas, 
but for the greater part they possess 
the vigor and hardihood of the Hy¬ 
brid Perpetuals. 
Being of erect habit of growth, the 
ideal protection for this class of roses 
is a covering of evergreen boughs or 
straw, which, tied carefully about the 
stalks, keep them in semi-frozen con¬ 
dition through the winter and pre¬ 
vents the too early starting of the 
buds in the spring by r shutting out the 
sun. With members of this type, root 
protection is not essential, but it is 
of marked value in retarding the ex¬ 
cessive frost. When the growths are 
tolerably high, placing a stake along¬ 
side when covering will prevent the 
winds from toppling them over. The 
Hybrids should be pruned in the 
spring when the buds begin to swell, 
which enables one to select the 
strongest and control the number of 
flowering i-shoots. 
There are but two ways of pro¬ 
tecting roses of this type, and both 
are effective. The object is to keep 
out the sharp winds and shelter the 
partly' frozen stalks from the sun. 
The easiest method is to collect vines 
of clematis, beans or sweet peas, 
place them over the branches of the 
rose upon the trellis or against the 
house, and fasten securely. In order 
to supply adequate protection they 
must be put on rather thickly. The 
other practice is to disentangle the 
canes from the supports, gathering 
closely and laying them into a trench. 
The root need not be disturbed; 
merely bank the soil over the bended 
portion of the main stalks. The 
trench need not be very deep as it 
answers just as well to hill the 
ground up a little over it. This oper¬ 
ation entails more labor than the 
former, but it is a very satisfactory 
one. When unearthed in the spring, 
ramblers handled in this manner are 
plump and green, with the lower eyes 
much strengthened. 
J. M. AIcLaughlin. 
Planning 
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F IFTY recent Country 
Houses—the work of lead¬ 
ing architects in the East, in 
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trated in the October Num¬ 
ber of The- Architectural 
Record—more than 100 il¬ 
lustrations and floor plans 
showing houses of all sizes 
and types. 
F ROM this number you are 
sure to get ideas and sug¬ 
gestions which will help you 
to determine the best type 
of house to be erected; the 
most convenient arrange¬ 
ment of rooms; the most 
desirable materials, furnish¬ 
ings and conveniences. 
E ACH month The Archi¬ 
tectural Record presents a 
careful selection of the best 
current work with an aver¬ 
age of 100 or more illustra¬ 
tions ; while in the business 
section are described the 
latest and best building ma¬ 
terials, as well as the fur¬ 
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which add so much of com¬ 
fort, convenience and value. 
SPECIAL OFFER 
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and December issues — if 
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