60 
HOUSE & GARDEN 
Keeps the coal man from marring the 
sides of your home, protects your walk, 
flowers, lawn and shrubs. A glass door 
serves as a window, giving splendid light 
to the basement. It locks from the in¬ 
side and is burglar-proof. It is extra 
durable, has a heavy steel body—semi¬ 
steel door frame and boiler plate hop¬ 
per. Every home should have one. 
Write for Free Book 
Coal Chute and other Majestic Specialties: Gar¬ 
bage Receivers, Milk and Package Receivers, all- 
metal Basement Windows, Rubbish Burners, 
Street and Park Refuse Cans, Metal Plant Boxes, 
Ripe, and Pipeleas Warm Air Furnaces, etc. 
THE MAJESTIC CO.,603 Erie St., Huntington,Ind. 
G Gift that recalls the 
Giver every day in 
An S & M Tycos House Barometer will pe fre¬ 
quently consulted by every member of the family. 
To “.Forecast” the weather is not only interesting but many 
times very important. 
Encased in a 5-inch lacquered brass case with enamel 
metal dial, the S & M Tycos House Barometer, No. 2252, 
is a striking ornament to any room. Patented adjustment 
eliminates all troublesome "setting.” Self-adjusting for 
any altitude up to 3500 feet. A dependable Home Weather 
Bureau. 
Most Scientific Instrument Dealers, Opticians, etc., sell 
S & M Tycos House Barometer. If not at yours, we will 
send you one on receipt of his name and address and 
$10.00. Be sure and give number 2252. 
Our “Barometer Book” mailed free on request describes 
other styles. 
Taylor Instrument Companies Rochester, N. v 
Makers of Scientific Instruments of Superiority 
CRANE 
DRAINAGE FITTINGS 
ARE NECESSARY IN THE HOME 
■ . 
From Pine Knot Torch to Electricity 
(Continued from page 58) 
it was soon discarded on account of 
the enormous amount of labor re¬ 
quired to keep it clean. The second 
line of experiment produced the 
“vapor” lamp, burning the vapors 
arising from a mixture of oil of tur¬ 
pentine and alcohol, and the “cam- 
phene” lamp in which camphene with 
alcohol formed the “burning fluid” 
above referred to. The first proved 
expensive, smoky and unsafe, but 
the second, while almost equally dan¬ 
gerous, was so far superior in illu¬ 
minating power to anything else then 
known that it was widely adopted 
and maintained its popularity until 
the introduction of kerosene for 
lighting purposes about the year 1854. 
The Argand Burner 
The next great step forward was 
the invention in the latter part of the 
18th century, by a Frenchman named 
Argand, of the burner which bears 
his name. This has a wick in the 
form of a hollow cylinder, so ar¬ 
ranged that a current of air passes up 
through the center as well as out¬ 
side, thus effecting perfect combus¬ 
tion. The Argand burner was ac¬ 
companied by the first lamp chimney, 
whose purpose was to increase the 
draught. It was made of sheet iron, 
with small perforations through 
which the light glimmered faintly! 
So used were our grandparents to 
dim illumination, that when at length 
glass chimneys were invented the 
glass was ground to temper the glare ! 
The Argand burners were applied to 
the astral lamps. The earlier types 
had oil reservoirs in the form of a 
hollow ring encircling the stand 
which supported the burner. Later 
fashions were more ornate, the oil 
receptacles often being globes of por¬ 
celain, elaborately decorated, while 
many were furnished in addition with 
ornamental shades, some being 
fringed with prisms. 
With the introduction of gas, and 
finally of electricity, interior as well 
as exterior illuminating was revolu¬ 
tionized, midnight becoming as bright 
as noonday: while the use of matches 
and push-buttons long since became 
such a commonplace that it is impos¬ 
sible to realize how few are the years 
that separate the present from the 
period when the tinder-box, with its 
accompanying flint and steel, was in¬ 
dispensable in every household. 
Beautifying the Fixture 
The new lighting methods, of course, 
demanded new types of fixtures. The 
first productions were purely utilita¬ 
rian with little or no regard for 
beauty, but their decorative possibili¬ 
ties were soon recognized and many 
“period” designs in candlesticks and 
lamps were adapted for gas and elec¬ 
tricity with happy results. Then the 
Arts and Crafts movement swept the 
country, and lighting devices appear¬ 
ing to offer a promising field, an en¬ 
deavor was made to break away from 
old traditions and with the aid of na¬ 
tive materials to develop new decora¬ 
tive types that should harmonize with 
the furnishings of modern homes. 
Worthy of all praise as the idea 
undeniably was, the first attempts 
to realize it only resulted in a flood 
of clumsy, unlovely fixtures which at 
first were accepted for their novelty, 
but whose popularity quickly waned. 
By turning once more to the older civ¬ 
ilizations for inspiration, greater suc¬ 
cess was achieved, and numberless 
lamps, lanterns, candlesticks and 
chandeliers of rare beauty are obtain¬ 
able today, in brass, bronze, and 
wrought iron, in copper and silver, 
with shades or panels of decorated 
porcelain, etched crystal, fabrics, bas¬ 
ketry, or stained or mosaic glass. 
Oil and Candles Revived 
In lights as well as in fixtures, we 
continue to pay tribute to the past. 
When the electric bulb had ceased to 
be a novelty, it was realized that de¬ 
spite its many superior and invaluable 
features, the final word in interior 
illumination had not yet been uttered. 
Many found the intensity of the new 
light fatiguing to the eyes, and gar¬ 
rets and antique shops were accord¬ 
ingly ransacked for the beautiful old 
sconces and girandoles, while for 
reading and writing, kerosene was 
again resorted to in numerous in¬ 
stances, even in homes fitted with 
electricity from attic to basement. 
As dinner table accessories, can¬ 
dles have never gone out of fashion, 
the hospitable warmth and decorative 
value of their mellow radiance, dif¬ 
fused through tinted shades, giving 
them a perennial vogue. The use of 
bedroom candles has also been re¬ 
vived during the last decade, and has 
much to recommend it, as when pro¬ 
tected from draughts by a chimney 
the candle is the safest and most con¬ 
venient portable light in existence. 
Indeed, Professor Elihu Thompson, 
himself a famous electrician, goes as 
far as to assert that if the candle 
were but newly invented it would be 
regarded as one of the greatest utili¬ 
ties of the age, being absolutely self- 
contained, non-explosive, unspillable, 
and always ready for instant use. 
By no means should it be overlooked. 
What Is a Frizzier? 
O F course, the first idea that came you place marshmallows for toasting 
into our heads was that a frizzier over the open fire. The bottom iron 
must be some sort of curling iron, shown above is the gentleman in 
Then we guessed at a cooking utensil, question. It comes as a Christmas 
which was getting warmer,—and then present for $4.25. Directly above it 
light dawned. Our forefathers were is a jabber, which needs no explana- 
wiser than we; they knew what frizz- tion and a cheque for only $2.75. The 
lers were because they had them! third iron is the dujab or toasting 
A frizzier is a long shaft of fork, $3.75. All of these are beauti- 
wrought iron on the end of which fully executed in wrought iron, and 
swings a tiny basket. In the basket they really do the work, too. 
