HOUSE AND GARDEN 
February, 1913 
143 
ment of Agriculture, have revealed the 
fact that the hickory bark beetle is by far 
the most destructive insect enemy and is 
therefore, in the majority of cases, the 
primary cause of the dying of the trees. 
The first evidence of the presence and 
work of the beetle is the premature dying 
or falling of a few of the leaves in July 
and August, caused by the adult or parent 
beetles feeding on the bark at the base of 
the leaf stem, but this work alone does not 
kill the trees. 
The next evidence of its destructive 
work is the dying of part of a tree or all 
of one or more trees. If the trees are 
dying from the attack of the beetle, an 
examination of the inner bark and sur¬ 
face of the wood on the main trunks will 
reveal curious centipede-like burrows in 
the bark and grooved on the wood itself. 
These are galleries and burrows of the 
parent beetles and of their broods of 
young grubs or larvae. The girdling ef¬ 
fect of these galleries is the real cause of 
the death of the trees. 
The broods of the beetle pass the winter 
in the bark of the trees that die during 
the preceding summer and fall. During 
the warm days of March and April these 
overwintered broods complete their devel¬ 
opment to the adult winged forms, which 
during May and June emerge through 
small round holes in the bark and fly to 
the living trees. They then attack the 
twigs to feed on the base of the leaves 
and tender bark and concentrate in the 
bark of the trunks and large branches of 
some of the living healthy trees, boring 
through the bark to excavate their short 
vertical egg galleries. The eggs are 
deposited along the sides of these galleries 
and the larvae hatching from them ex¬ 
cavate the radiating food burrows which 
serve to girdle the tree or branch. 
The following recommendations for the 
successful control of this beetle are based 
on investigations, experiments and demon¬ 
strations conducted by the experts on 
forest insects of the Bureau of Entomolo¬ 
gy during the past ten years. 
1. The best time to conduct the control 
work is between October 1st and May 1st, 
but must be completed before the 1st to 
middle of May in order to destroy the 
broods of the beetle before they begin to 
emerge. 
2. The hickory trees within an area of 
several square miles that died during the 
summer and fall and those of which part 
or all of the tops or large branches died 
should be located and marked with white 
paint or otherwise. 
3- Fell the marked dead trees and cut 
out all dead branches or the tops of the 
remaining market trees which still have 
sufficient life to make a new growth of 
branches. 
4. Dispose of all infested trunks and 
branches in such a manner as to kill the 
wintering broods of the beetles that are in 
the bark; (a) by utilizing the wood for 
commercial products and burning the ref¬ 
use; or (b) by utilizing the wood of the 
trunks and branches for fuel; or (c) by 
Since 1847 
The firm of Peter Henderson & Co. was founded in 1847, an d the 66 
years of successful seed-raising and selling that is behind every package of 
Henderson’s seeds must and does make them the best that it is possible to 
buy. In your grandfather's day, Henderson’s was the standard by which 
other seeds were judged, and the same condition exists in 1913. Our 
methods of seed-testing which were the best three generations ago have been 
improved upon from year to year and are today still the best. 
The unknown quantity in your garden is the quality of the seeds you 
plant, and you cannot be too careful in seeing that you obtain the best pro¬ 
curable. The most critical of all planters in the choice of their seeds are the 
market-gardeners or truck-farmers. Perhaps the best endorsement of the 
quality of Henderson’s seeds is the fact that Peter Henderson & Co. supply 
a larger number of professional growers than any two seed-houses in the 
world. The very existence of these men depends upon 
their receiving the best quality of seeds. That Peter Hen¬ 
derson & Co. are easily preeminent in the professional grow¬ 
ing field is the best endorsement of Henderson’s seeds that 
can be given. 
Henderson’s seeds are tested seeds. 
Special Offer 
Our 1913 catalogue, “ Everything for the Garden,” a book of 209 
pages, over 800 illustrations, color plates, etc., will be mailed on 
receipt of 10 cents. In addition, we will send without extra charge, 
our new book, “ Garden Guide and Record,” and our collection of 
6 Henderson Specialties, in a coupon envelope which will be accepted 
as 25 cents cash payment on any order of one dollar or over. 
PETER HENDERSON & CO. 
35-37 CORTLANDT STREET NEW YORK 
The Best Time 
So Buy Skade Trees 
S OME think the best time is in the Bummer, when they can come 
to our Nursery and see the trees in full foliage. Others feel that 
right now, when the leaves are all off, is best, because the general 
formation of the tree and distribution of the branches can be 
plainly seen. 
On the strength of this last sound-sense reason, we strongly urge 
you to come and pick out as soon as possible Hicks’ Sturdy Maples. 
Lindens, Elms, or Oaks, 10 to 30 feet high. Whv not buy Hicks’ big 
trees like the ones shown, and have the use of them at once and 
overcome waiting fifteen years for saplings to grow up? 
We claim that no other Nursery has as fine an assortment in ALL 
SIZES of Trees, from 6 inches up to 30 feet high. 
Order now for early delivery. Don’t wait until Spring to do it. 
Send for catalog. 
Isaac Hicks and Son, Westbury, 
Long Island 
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