HOUSE AND GARDEN 
NE, I913 
507 
probably facilitated. The moisture moves 
downward until it encounters a brick, for 
instance, at a distance of three or four 
inches below the soil level. The water 
meets with no difficulty in getting to the 
edge of the brick and then goes nearly 
straight downward, thus leaving the soil 
immediately below the brick unsupplied 
from this new water influx. Now, when 
the opposite movement of soil fluid begins 
the water moves upward until it encoun¬ 
ters the brick, and the soil immediately 
above the brick, which has in the meantime 
dried out, remains unsupplied with mois¬ 
ture, so that the grass suffers and dries 
out during a critical dry spell. Bad spots 
in small city lawns are more often than not 
found to be due to some such impediment 
to the movement of capillary water. 
“A lawn soil should have a good supply 
of moisture at all times. Jt should be able 
to take care of excess during the wet sea¬ 
son by drainage and during the dry season 
be able to supply stored-up moisture from 
its depths. This adequate water supply is 
the principal factor in grass growth and 
the one most difficult to control in a poor 
soil. It is more important than any added 
fertilizer, and cannot be compensated for 
by the addition of any amount or kind of 
chemical plant food. All suggestions re¬ 
garding lawn soils, their texture, selection 
and manipulation have been made with one 
end in view—the creating and maintaining 
of an adequate water supply in as natural 
a manner as possible. If this water sup¬ 
ply is maintained effectually by a normal 
soil, the natural processes which go hand 
in hand with it, such as proper bacterial 
activity, aeration and oxidation, soil sani¬ 
tation and the supply of plant food gener¬ 
ally, are also sufficient for a healthy 
growth of good greensward.” 
A soil well adapted to lawns should con¬ 
sist of clay, silt, very fine sand, medium 
sand, coarse sand and fine gravel. It is 
this difference in the size of soil particles 
and in the proportions in which they are 
present in soils that has given rise to the 
different classes of agricultural soils, such 
as the clays, clay loams, sands and sandy 
loams. This difference determines the tex¬ 
ture of the soil. The texture is a particu¬ 
larly important factor in a successful lawn, 
as it has a very marked influence on the 
kind of grass or combination of grasses 
and clovers best suited to the soil; on its 
ability to hold sufficient moisture to carry 
the grass through a prolonged drought; 
on the ease of establishing good natural 
drainage; on the account of aeration, and 
on other requirements. 
The clay soil usually makes very strong 
lawn soils, giving a dense sod. The clay 
loam soils, when well drained and care¬ 
fully handled, are well suited for the es¬ 
tablishment of an excellent greensward. 
The silt loam soils are ideally adapted to 
lawn making, but they must have good 
drainage and be liberally supplied with or¬ 
ganic matter. The loam soils, when they 
have good drainage and contain sufficient 
organic matter, will maintain good lawns. 
The coarse, sandy soils are unsuitable for 
The Old-Time Ice- 
Box has no place in 
the Modern Home 
Modern hygiene 11II 
requires that the food 
pply of a family be 
in dry, pure, cold air R 
)t in the moist, germ- i J Eg 
^mosphere that comes . 
ting ice. Your food ^ 
:r, tastes better, looks better 
BRUNSWICK Household ESESKi 
You should enjoy the cleanliness, convenience and sanitation of this economical, easily 
operated appliance. You will have no trouble keeping a constant temperature in 
your refrigerators and making all the pure ice you need for table use. 
Ask for Our Literature 
and see how simple and efficient a Brunswick plant is and how much comfort your 
whole household will get from it. The machine you buy will be designed for your 
home and we guarantee satisfaction. 
K Drop a line for our bulletin to-day. i 
Brunswick Refrigerating Company w 
103 Jersey Avenue 
Jj&S r New Brunswick 
_ I2L New Jersey 
COMPRESSOR 
MOTOR 
V') • a. m issues four practical, 
biltmore Nursery 
- ilen Flowers.” "Flower¬ 
ing Trees and Shrubs, "The Ins Catalog” and "The Biltmore 
Nursery Catalog.” Any one free. 
BILTMORE NURSERY, Box 1665, BILTMORE, N. C 
McCRAY REFRIGERATORS 
Active cold air circulation—Sanitary linings. 
Send for Catalogue. 
McCRAY REFRIGERATOR COMPANY, 
593 Lake St., Kendallville, Ind. 
You Can Have This Garden THIS YEAR 
Remember—You make your selection from more than 600 acres of choicest nursery products— 
from our own gardens shown below, which have been growing for more than half a century. 
The finest collection of trees, shrubbery and garden plants in America; all hardy and old, 
well-established growth’s. 
Remember—Our expert landscape gardeners plan your place for you, selecting plans suitable 
\ to soil and situation, with special regard to immediate and permanent effects. 
Remember—'\Ye make a specialty of moving and planting large trees and shrubbery, and 
furnish from our nu rser ies all varieties of large trees, evergreens and conifers to screen un¬ 
it sightly views or to produce woodland effects. 
M Everything for the 
H 7 | • . ' | • ; : ;v "A] home garden, includ- 
"—"" " —--• - ——'—ing fruit trees, berry 
bushes, etc. 
'& !!'■'<' ni r (A . 
- <.'/■•- P ./;:</ Ir! 
' If e Stephen Hoyt’s 
AAySons Company 
New Canaan, Conn. 
yB Est. ms. inc. 19:3 
.. . 
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