June, 1913 
HOUSE AND GARDEN 
inches or more long and several inches 
wide. 
Though, of course, the cultural neces¬ 
sities of the various crops differ to some 
extent, all should be kept clean, all will 
benefit by frequent cultivation between the 
rows, and suffer if weeds are allowed to 
usurp their food, water and air. There 
will be special things to learn about each, 
.and the good gardener has his eyes con¬ 
tinually open for these differences. For 
instance, some crops should be cultivated 
more deeply than others, though all may 
be cultivated more deeply — especially to¬ 
wards the middle of the space between the 
rows — early in the season than later when 
they are filling the soil up with growing 
roots: when these roots are broken off 
through careless cultivation the plant's 
growth is either checked or retarded, if 
permanent injury does not result. 
Parsnips, salsify, carrots, and . other 
deep-rooting plants which send a main tap¬ 
root far down into the soil are not readily 
injured by cultivation between the rows, 
but extreme care must be used not to go 
too deep with such things as sweet corn, 
melons, cucumbers, squashes and other 
plants which are either shallow rooted or 
send out most of their roots in a lateral 
direction, not far below the surface of the 
■soil. For such things two inches will be 
deep enough for cultivation during all the 
later stages of growth, and extreme care 
must be used in weeding and hoeing close 
up to the plants. 
For your own comfort you will prob¬ 
ably learn not to work among your plants 
or pick crops while they are wet. Such 
things as beans and celery are very likely 
to be permanently injured if disturbed 
while wet, as this has a tendency to spread 
the disease known as ‘‘rust.” 
Plants which require training to a trellis 
or pole of some sort should be attended to 
while they are still small, as it is almost 
impossible to get them to stick to anything 
when they have once been allowed to grow 
top-heavy and lie upon the ground or be¬ 
come entangled with each other. 
Plants which are kept in a good, healthy, 
thriving condition of growth are not at all 
likely to suffer from the effects of the 
various diseases, or to be very much in¬ 
jured by the attacks of insects, but the 
good gardener soon learns to have an ever- 
watchful eye open for the dangers of this 
sort; he is soon taught by a few expensive 
lessons that it is even more important not 
to be a day behindhand in fighting bugs 
than in fighting weeds; after the very first 
sign of trouble he should make it war to 
the death and no quarter. Most of the 
insect pests if taken in time may be suc¬ 
cessfully if not easily combated ; when they 
are once allowed to get even a small start, 
however, it is a very different proposition, 
and not infrequently an entire crop will 
be ruined by them. 
In last month’s issue of House & Gar¬ 
den, directions for applying the various 
sorts of sprays were given, and the reader 
is referred to that article. A good com¬ 
pressed air sprayer and a powder gun 
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In writing to advertisers please mention House & Garden. 
