92 
House & Garden 
Grow your own Vegetables 
Continued rise in food-costs makes a garden of your 
own more desirable than ever. 
You can make it pay big crop-dividends by using 
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will work two acres of ground a day. It is a great tool 
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and single wheel-hoe. Unbreakable steel frame. 
No. 1 7 Planet Jr is the highest type of single-wheel 
hoe made. Its light, durable, ingenious construction 
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Use these tools and cut down living costs. We make 
32 styl es of seed drills and wheel-hoes—various prices. 
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STAINED SHINGLES 
CREO-DIPT 
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1012 Oliver St., No. Tonawanda, N. Y. 
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Making the New Garden 
{Continued from page 90) 
often pay to “skin off” the surface 
before breaking up the ground, as a 
thick sod will make it very difficult, 
if not impossible, to get the soil in 
as fine a shape as is desired. This 
sod can be used in the compost heap, 
for drainage material, and in many 
other ways. In the case of trees and 
shrubs, it should be turned upside 
down and placed about them after 
planting, thus making an efficient 
mulch to retain the moisture. 
The Bacteria Crop 
There are several ways of thor¬ 
oughly inoculating the soil of your 
new garden so that there will be 
plenty of opportunity for bacteri¬ 
ological action, even the first season. 
A good dressing of well-rotted ma¬ 
nure will do to trj', so far as the or¬ 
dinary soil bacteria are concerned. If 
you have only a little manure, it is 
best to spread this evenly over the 
whole surface rather than to put it 
all on one spot. It may be supple¬ 
mented by fertilizers and hnmiis. The 
best grade of humus carries soil bac¬ 
teria in large numbers if it has been 
kept in the right condition, and not 
allowed to get dust dry where you 
store it, or even later on while it is 
being applied. 
In addition to this general distribu¬ 
tion of bacteria on new ground, it 
will pay decidedly to use an inoculant 
to make sure of fixing the bacteria in 
the soil. This can be done through 
the use of the different legumes. 
The conservation of moisture will 
be accomplished to a large extent 
through the thorough pulverization 
of the soil and the supplying of hu¬ 
mus, of which we have already 
spoken. In addition to this, a dust 
mulch should be provided as soon 
as the ground is worked in the spring 
and maintained throughout the grow¬ 
ing season, keeping in mind that it is 
even more important for the new gar¬ 
den than for the old one. With most 
new soils, however, where all these 
precautions have been taken to keep 
the evaporation checked, the use of 
irrigation will be needed, klodern 
overhead irrigation, where a supply 
of water is already available, is so 
inexpensive for the home grounds, 
and the benefits are so great, that 
there is no reason for attempting to 
get along without it. 
The Noble Dane 
{Continued from page 38) 
describes the Great Dane as a dog 
“not so heavy or massive as the mas¬ 
tiff, nor yet approaching too nearly 
the greyhound type. Remarkable in 
size and very muscular, strongly 
though elegantly built; the head and 
neck should be carried high, and the 
tail in line with the back or curved 
slightly upwards, but not curled over 
the hindquarters. Elegance of out¬ 
line and grace of form are most 
essential to a Dane: size is absolutely 
necessary; but there must also be 
that alertness of expression and brisk¬ 
ness of movement without which the 
Dane character is lost. He should 
have a look of dash and daring, of 
being able to go anywhere and do 
j anything.” 
Size and Weight 
A typical Great Dane then must be 
a large, powerful dog—30" tall at the 
shoulder and a hundred and twenty 
pounds in weight are the minimum 
standard requirements for a male, 
while a female must not be less than 
2 " shorter or twenty pounds lighter. 
Size, says the Standard, is "absolutely 
1 necessary”; symmetry and grace are 
“ most essential.” It is not a difficult 
thing to produce an exceptionally tall 
1 and heavy dog, but he will probably 
i be a coarse, clumsy brute, nor is it 
hard to secure grace, if one will over¬ 
look light bone and shelly body; but 
to combine size and strength vrith 
symmetry and elegant grace is im¬ 
posing on breeders a most exacting 
ideal. This difficult combination, how¬ 
ever, has been the sah'ation of the 
Great Dane. It gives him a special 
ph_vsical recommendation. 
klentally also, the noble Dane has 
his own good points. He is never a 
I dog of snappish, yapping tempera¬ 
ment. If closely confined or roughly 
handled he may develop an ugly strain 
that makes him positively dangerous, 
but this only happens when he is mis¬ 
treated. Treated as a faithful re¬ 
tainer and honorable friend, he is 
kind, obedient, and affectionate. He 
is not a bully or a brawler delighting 
to pick on other dogs. He does not 
fawn on visitors, but he is not, on the 
other hand, a morose, imcompanion- 
I able animal. 
It is to the German breeders that 
we are indebted for this splendid dog. 
They have taken the heavy, ferocious 
boar hunting dog of the Middle Ages 
and by painstaking selection and in¬ 
telligent handling have made of him 
the dog we know. 
Where the Dane Came From 
The Dane’s origin is lost in an¬ 
tiquityGreat heavy dogs of a some¬ 
what similar though coarser type are 
depicted hunting lions and wild asses, 
on Assyrian bas-reliefs, and the 
Greeks and Romans both had dogs 
of this same stamp. Throughout the 
Middle Ages powerful dogs were 
used for boar and stag hunting 
throughout Europe. Written descrip¬ 
tions, paintings, and sculptures all 
show that there were many different 
variations in size and shape in dif¬ 
ferent countries, and it is quite im¬ 
possible to trace with any degree of 
certainty the ancestry of the breed. 
In a general way we know the Dane 
is a descendant of these great hunt¬ 
ing dogs, but beyond 1880 the pedigree 
cannot be written. 
About thirty-five years ago dog 
lovers in the south of Germany, espe¬ 
cially in and about the ancient cities 
of Ulm and Stuttgart, became inter¬ 
ested in remnants of the old race of 
boar hounds. Whether their first 
stock was native or imported we can¬ 
not he sure, but we do know that they 
began breeding enthusiastically with 
the object of refining the type of the 
medieval sporting dogs. They worked 
what Mr. Frederick Becker has hap¬ 
pily called the “ennoblement” of the 
Dane, and the fame of their “Ulmer 
Doggen” spread rapidly all over 
Europe and early reached England. 
The Great Danes of today go back 
directly to the dogs of these Wnrt- 
tenbnrg breeders. 
It was the naturalist Buffon who 
mis-named the breed Great Dane. A 
century before he had described the 
old boar hounds of northern Europe 
under the name of "Grand Danois.’’ 
The breed was not native to Denmark, 
nor, so far as we know, had that 
country contributed any noteworthy 
part in their development, but it hap- 
{Continued on page 94) 
