10 
Holm, The genus Carex in North-West America. 
Yukon Y'alley only, but is otherwise not uncommon in the middle 
States extending southward to Colorado. The last of the Yigneae 
is C. incurva, within the region only known from Alaska: Port 
Clarence, St. Lawrence Island, Muir Bay and the Chilkat Region. — 
In passing tö the Melananthae C. aljnna has been found at 
a few stations in Alaska (Cape Nome, St. George Island and Popof 
Islands) besides in Yukon and British Columbia. It occurs further- 
more in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Montana and Wyoming 
extending to the Hudson Bay Region; but, so far, it has not been 
found in the Atlantic States. Typical C. atrata does not occur in 
Alaska, and seems to be rare in Yukon, British Columbia and Idaho; 
it crosses the continent, but without reaching the Atlantic coast, 
where however C. ovata is quite widely distributed. A near ally 
of C. atrata is C. chaldolejAs^ which Mr. Suksdorf has found on 
Mt. Paddo (Adams) at an elevation of about 2,000 Met.; this species 
abounds in the Rocky Mountains of Montana, Wyoming, Utah and 
Colorado. C. Mertensii is frequent in our region and ascends 
from the sea-level to an altitude of until 2,000 Met. in the moun- 
tains. Very rare is, on the other hand, C. Parrijana, known only 
from British Columbia; this species occurs furthermore in the prairie 
region of Canada from Portage la Prairie to near the Athabasca 
River; farther south it follows the Rocky Mountains to Colorado, 
through Montana, Wyoming and Nebraska. C. stylosa, which also 
occurs in South Greenland, does not seem to be rare in Alaska, 
and has, also, been collected in Yukon; a near ally of this is 
C. accedens, only known from Washington (Mt. Paddo and IMt. 
Rainier) and Oregon (Sauvie’s island). The Western limit of 
C. Raynoldsii is Mt. Paddo in Washington and Steins IMountains 
in Oregon; the species is otherwise quite widely distributed east- 
ward to North Dakota and south to Colorado. A very wide dis- 
tribution is,* however, exhibited by C, Buxhaiimii, which crosses 
the continent from the Pacific coast to the Atlantic, but is rather 
rare in our region, in contrast to C. Gmelini, which abounds on 
the Alaskan coast and islands. Among the formae desciscentes we 
meet with C. ustulata, very rare in our region, and on this con¬ 
tinent, so far, only collected at Fort Conger in Grinnell Land and 
near Hudson Bay; but from there it extends to Greenland (the 
west-coast), northern Europe and Asia. Near allies of this species 
are C. venustula from British Columbia (Glacier) and Alaska 
(Chistachina River between Cook inlet and the Tanana River), and 
C. Montanensis from Yukon, Idaho and Montana. C. microchaeta 
is only known from Yukon, C. spectahilis from several stations in 
Washington, Oregon and British Columbia. 
In passing to the Microrhynchae our region possesses a large 
number of species pertaining lo various groups, and several of 
these are only known from North-West America. It appears alto- 
gether as if this region represents a most important center in regard 
to distribution and development of this grex, at least judging from 
the several more or less closely related species occurring together. 
We find here C. vulgaris, the type and some varieties, accom- 
panied by C. Jimnaea, hrachyjjoda and gymnoclada from Washington 
and Oregon. The widely distributed C. rigida occurs in Alaska 
