24 
Holm, The genus Carex in North-West America. 
Carices physocarpae. 
Of these C. ^jliiisoclilaena from Yukon and C, amhusta from 
Alaska are actually the only northwestern types of this grex, 
which is othenvise so very highly developed in this region, Xever- 
theless we have, no doubt, a most important center of distribution 
in Alaska and Yukon where these species are accompanied by 
the very characteristic C. pliysocariKi, rotiindata. utricidata, imlla 
and compacta. an assemblage of species of striking and very 
singulär aspect. C. physocarpa extends to Alberta, Montana and 
Wyoming, but is nowhere so abundant as on the Alaskan coast 
and adjacent islands, from where it evidently originated. 
Carices pli ysocepha Iae. 
C. Breweri is a western type and confined to the Pacific coast: 
Washington, Oregon and California, but is only known from a few 
stations, and belongs more properly to the Californian Flora. 
Ca r ices r hync h op li or a e. 
The eastern species C. monile occurs here with the variety 
pacifica, which may be considered as a type of this region, while 
the var. colorata is distributed throughout IMontana, W 3 mming and 
Colorado. 
The number of types characteristic of North-West America 
aggregates 50 species including a very few varieties, and we have 
recorded in all 195 species and varieties. The region which we have 
treated extends from the 42^ to the 70 iT northern latitude, and 
from the 114^ to the 1704= western longitude. 
Let US now examine and compare the Carices that occur on 
the Atlantic coast between the 42^ n. 1. (Cape Codj and the 
70= (Baffins’ Land and west-coast of Greenland). From this 
region 180 species are known besides about 70 varieties; however 
only 13 of these species appear to be characteristic of North-East 
America, and 6 of these are Greenland types. When compared, 
these figures show the prevalence of types on the Pacific coast, 
which becomes still more conspicuous, if we include California. 
The number of species so far known from this State is about 90, 
25 of which are peculiar to the State, thus the Pacific coast 
possesses altogether 75 types. Among these Californian species 
are several which are remarkably distinct from the northern, and we 
might mention for instance: C. vitrea, chrysolepis. senta, serratoclens. 
lacunariim, 2Iencloeinensis, gynoelynama, lusulma, aequa etc. 
This number of Californian types is relatively large, when we 
remember that only a very few species are characteristic ot the 
Southern Atlantic States, from Virginia to Florida incl.: C. Elliottü. 
yuncea, iurgescens. Caroliniana. BalBeUp Chapmani. dasyctirpa and 
Fraseri. 
We might, furthermore, compare the greges as represented on 
both coasts, and from this will be seen that the Leiicocephalae 
(C. Fraseri) are confined to the Atlantic, the PhysocephaJae (C. 
Breweri) to the Pacific. While certain greges are equally well 
represented on both coasts, there are others which show a less 
uniform distribution, for instance: Pterocarpae. Cenchrocarpae, 
Lejocldaenae, Microcarpae. Hymenoclüaenae and Bhyncliophorae. 
