HOUSE AND GARDEN 
280 
November, 
1914 
lucent yellow, deepening at times to 
orange, the evergreen thorn orange 
deepening later in the season into 
orange red, the Callicarpa is lavender, 
the Kinnikinnik a silvery blue. The 
Tartarian bush honeysuckles have 
translucent berries in yellow, orange 
and red. The bitter-sweet has a yellow- 
orange capsule opening upon a crimson 
seed. So that you can carry out various 
colors in your decorative schemes. 
The berries have, however, not onlv 
a surprising range of color, but of 
structure. We are calling all the gaily- 
colored fruits of the shrubs berries. 
This is well enough in a general way, 
but as soon as we become more inti¬ 
mately acquainted we come upon other names, like hips and haws, 
drupes and pomes, while a berry means only the fruit that is 
thin-skinned and has its seeds loosely imbedded in a soft or 
succulent material like, 
for instance, the cur¬ 
rant and huckleberry, 
the Tartarian bush 
honeysuckle, the coral- 
berry and the snow- 
berry, Hercules’ club 
and matrimony vine. 
Some, like the privets 
and black alders, are 
berrv-like drupes. 
Some, like the Ameri¬ 
can elder, the buck¬ 
thorn, are very juicy, 
berr y-1 i k e drupes. 
Some, like the shad- 
bush, or June-berry, 
and the chokeberry, are 
berry-like pomes. The 
fruits of the vibur¬ 
nums and the dog- 
Study of the Japanese barberry proves it to have WOOCls are all drupes, 
distinctive structure and personality Drupes have for their 
Viburnum cassinoides: in September, cream tinged with rose; 
in October, bright rose alternating with the blue of ripened 
berries 
distinguishing feature a stone enclos¬ 
ing the kernel, like the familiar peach, 
cocoanut or walnut, whereas pomes 
have carpels enclosed in a fleshy mass, 
like the familiar apple, pear or quince. 
Haws are drupe-like pomes. Hips are 
the invariable fruits of the rose, and 
are peculiar, consisting of a hollow cup 
within which are packed many dry, 
one-seeded fruits that do not open to 
emit their contents, but have walls 
fitting closely round. 
Each shrub has its distinct person¬ 
ality, a thing you would hardly suspect 
in many a garden where the shrubs 
have been trimmed or unintelligently 
pruned. In arranging the berries, we 
have tried to respect this personality. We have tried, for in¬ 
stance, to show the way the snowberries droop on their wand¬ 
like stems, how the scarlet berries of the straight, black alder are 
silhouetted solitary on their tiny stems among the dark twigs and 
branches; how the sumach grows in terminal spikes among great 
leaves'; how the Viburnum cassinoides is a stocky bush with fruit 
that grows in large, flat clusters; how the hips of the Rosa 
setigera grow in clusters, with the trailing stems extending out 
beyond.- We have tried to show the difference between the 
Japanese and the common barberry. As far as we have been 
able we have kept away from conventional placing, in an effort 
to interpret the shrub. 
There are shrub berries, like the June berries, that ripen very 
early in the summer, but it is with the beginning of September 
that the berries take an all-important place among the shrub¬ 
beries. In September the dogwoods are laden with fruit. The 
familiar Comits Florida, with its abundant bunches of bright red. 
egg-shaped berries, makes fine showing among the changing red 
of the foliage. Then there are the convex clusters of white ber¬ 
ries, small, flattened, round berries with conspicuous red stems 
clinging to smooth, grey twigs that fairly laden the panicled dog¬ 
wood. The other white-fruited dogwood bears its ripe clusters as 
early as June, and then again as late as November, as it is the one 
that has the brilliant red stems in winter time. Then there is the 
Kinnikinnik, or silky dogwood, full of pale-blue berries tinged 
with a kind of silvery sheen, and the dogberrv, full of small, black 
i m 
The Indian currant has wand-like sprays of coral- 
colored berries 
■Hi 
— 
In autumn the scarlet sumach flames with leaves and 
spikes of red fruit 
