why this is; perhaps the glazed finish 
causes it, or their being kept in the folders 
so no light can reach them. 
Preparing the woodwork is as impor¬ 
tant as the painting. As soon as possible 
after delivery, all trim should be "primed" 
with oil paint on the side that goes against 
the wall. After the carpenter has fin¬ 
ished his work of fitting it and setting it 
in place, all knots and sappy streaks are 
coated with grain-alcohol orange shellac 
to prevent the sap discoloring the paint; 
then the priming coat is applied. When 
dry the surface is lightly sand papered 
and all crevices and nail-holes filled with 
putty composed of equal parts whiting 
(which is powdered chalk) and dry white 
lead powder worked into a paste with lin¬ 
seed oil. 
When the priming coat is perfectly dry 
— two days at the least, under the best 
conditions, preferably more—the body 
coat may go on; when it is dry, any rough 
or shiny places should be smoothed with 
fine sandpaper or powdered pumice and 
water, and the finishing coat applied. 
We have alluded to a possible coloring 
of the wall plaster, instead of papering it. 
There are several ways to do it. First, 
by mixing special mortar colors in very 
carefully measured quantities with the last 
coat of plaster before applying it; beauti¬ 
ful and clear if well done, but it is ex¬ 
tremely difficult to get an even mixture, 
and the finished wall is generally in 
streaks and blotches. 
Second, by painting the walls in oil 
paint, just as we paint the woodwork. 
Fresh plaster is alkaline and tends to turn 
the oil into a sort of soap, so, if the wall 
is new, it must be sized. A glue size is 
generally used; a certain chemist of wide 
reputation recommends a size of soap and 
alum; first dissolve soap, cooled and in 
the form of a jelly, to be rubbed well into 
tbe wall with a stiff brush ; after drying 
for a day, a solution of alum at the rate 
of a pound to a gallon, applied liberally 
and left to dry. If a size is used, the 
priming coat might be omitted. 
A third treatment is with special plaster 
paints made with oil or varnish as a 
vehicle; several of them are on the mar¬ 
ket ; I have used one of them with perfect 
success, but the formulas are not an¬ 
nounced. 
A fourth way is kalsomining; a pos¬ 
sible fifth, cold-water paint; and a sixth, 
quite historically correct, is whitewash. 
Kalsomining is akin to the old fresco 
painting, and is clearer than oil paint, with 
the peculiar brilliance of chalk, for it is 
composed of fine powdered chalk or 
whiting, dissolved in a thin solution of 
glue and water. It is chemically inert, so 
can be colored with almost any of the pig¬ 
ments ; it is sold in most hardware and 
paint shops, already colored, under some 
one of a variety of fancy names. 
This is the best material for coloring 
the ceiling and cornice of our room, and 
walls, too, if they are not papered. 
attery.Charleston I 
i giiii i! 
St.Johns River 
f- Bathing at Galveston 
CLYDE-MALLORY LINES 
less 
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expensive to visit and 
more romantic in its pictur¬ 
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coasts of the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. A region of 
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Magnolia Gardens — most beautiful in the world — Forts Sumter and Moultrie, Isle of 
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Beach, Miami, St. Augustine, Daytona, etc. St. Johns River the “ American 
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and Winter Tourist Tickets 
Going and returning by steamer, or one way by steamer and returning by 
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AGWI 
LINES 
£3 
Pier 36, North River, New York 
DISTRICT PASSENGER OFFICES: 
BOSTON-192 Washington St. PHILADELPHIA-701 Chestnut St. 
NEW YORK-290 Broadway 
Design in Landscape Gardening 
By RALPH RODNEY ROOT, B.S.A., M.L.A., Assistant Professor Landscape Gardening, 
University of Illinois, 
and CHARLES FABENS KELLEY, A.B., Assistant Professor of Art, Head of the Department 
of Art, Ohio State University. 
A work which brings out sharply the underlying principles of design as applied to 
landscape, and presents a careful survey of the field of landscape architecture and 
its average problems. Practical planting schemes are a special feature of the book. 
Attractive and helpfully illustrated. Price, $2.00 , postpaid 
Union Square THE CENTURY CO. New York 
In writing to advertisers please mention House & Garden. 
343 
