HOUSE & GARDEN 
44 
One system of making the round columns, 
known as the Trusswall method, is patented. 
This consists of placing a collapsible core 
in position and then applying the concrete 
in a first coat, the core being protected with 
paper to prevent its contact with the material, 
and afterwards turned. When the concrete 
has partially set, the reinforcing is added, 
consisting of wire mesh and rods to carry 
any given load. The wire is wound from end 
to end of the shaft at an angle of about 45°, 
and the latter is revolved, forming a diamond 
mesh covering the entire column. 
To make the column stronger by additional 
reinforcing, other rods are placed lengthwise 
and afterwards covered with more wire. The 
final coat of concrete is then applied; when 
it has set, the core is withdrawn and the 
column is complete. The particular advan¬ 
tage of this system is that a column of any 
size or detail may be made. The columns 
are waterproof, and, being hollow, are lighter 
than the solid columns. 
The Possibilities of Bricks 
If brick is used for the columns or pillars, 
it should be of an attractive face, preferably 
wire cut, with a bond of special attractive¬ 
ness. Such bricks are nearly always of the 
square type. The 
round columns of the 
same material are not 
nearly so attractive, 
and they are used 
only in rare instances. 
In fact, the use of 
brick for pergolas has 
never been very ex¬ 
tensive, though there 
are possibilities in it 
that are wider than 
supposed, and can be 
cultivated if the com¬ 
bination of materials 
and workmanship are 
wisely united. 
The Woods to Use 
The use of wood 
for pergolas has been 
very general. There 
The pergola is not merely a decorative 
esthetic value, often serving as a 
device. It is of practical as well as 
modified ou 
ltdoor living-room 
One of the important services the pergola performs is to establish a definite con¬ 
nection, both literally and figuratively, between two distinct features of the grounds 
are a number of 
kinds of this mate¬ 
rial that are particu¬ 
larly adapted to the 
purpose, among 
which are white 
pine, red pine, 
cypress, fir poplar, 
redwood and tupelo 
gum. The columns 
are made from the 
log, solid, or some¬ 
times built up or 
bored. The most 
successful wood 
columns are of the 
built-up variety. To 
obviate the danger 
of cracking or 
checking the built- 
up column of staves 
hasbcen found high¬ 
ly satisfactory, and the demand for the latter 
is increasing rapidly among column users. 
Some climates are more suitable for one 
kind of stock than others, though any of the 
above kinds of wood is suitable for most 
places. The matter of choice is many times 
left to the architect or column manufacturer 
for final decision. If construction is placed 
in the hands of builders who are competent 
men, there will be no danger from inferior 
material. The wood is air dried and made 
impervious to climatic conditions after it has 
been put in place. The building of the per¬ 
gola demands both good materials and the 
best workmanship, and if the planning is done 
by a competent person, it will be found satis¬ 
factory. Much of the planning depends upon 
the particular work, and there is needed the 
labor of men who are careful and well versed 
in what they are to do. 
The plans are generally made by an archi¬ 
tect to conform to any given lawn, and there 
should be no difficulty in their success if they 
are made plain to the manufacturer. The 
use of vines will not hide the defects, should 
exist, and the work is of sufficient im¬ 
any 
Vine-covered and of intrinsically good design, the pergola as an adjunct to the 
house itself is worthy of careful consideration 
portance to demand ample preliminary de¬ 
tail. It is simple enough if the plan is well 
studied. 
