34 
HOUSE & GARDEN 
Photograph by Levick 
Among the newer hardy roses, 
Francis Scott Key is a splendid deep 
red, compact sort 
variety, there is another pitfall waiting for 
the unwary, in the shape of greenhouse 
varieties listed as outdoor roses by growers 
who are either ignorant or unscrupulous. 
The well-known and greatly beloved 
“American Beauty,” for example, is dis¬ 
tinctly a greenhouse or hothouse variety, 
notwithstanding the fact that it is an H. P. 
rose. Listed by some growers among their 
line of this class, without a warning to this 
effect, it is almost sure to be selected by 
the beginner in rose gardening as one of 
the most desired of all roses. It invariably 
fails. There are roses suitable for outdoor 
culture that are also used for forcing, and 
that are equally successful for both pur¬ 
poses. But assure yourself that you are 
buying one of the latter, if you choose a 
variety that is used for forcing. 
Photograph by Levick 
The bright cerise-pink of Killarney Queen’s open, 
graceful flowers, makes it a favorite hybrid tea 
Photograph by Levick 
Richmond is another good hy¬ 
brid tea, perhaps the best scar¬ 
let-crimson 
Where to Plant 
It is seldom that anyone undertakes to 
grow garden roses anywhere but in a rose 
garden now, I think; yet, lest some be 
tempted to plant them amongst shrubbery 
or other flowers, it is well perhaps to say 
something in warning against this. There 
are two reasons why it should not be done. 
One is that roses are an imperious set and 
will not tolerate close relations with other 
Photograph by Levick 
Ophelia, a superb flesh, salmon and 
pink shaded sort, is a leader among 
the ever-bloomers 
things ; and the other is, that 
they never appear at their 
best unless they are in their 
proper surroundings—namely, 
a garden devoted exclusively 
to them. Above all tilings the 
garden rose is grown for the 
flower, and the appearance of 
the bush suffers greatly, from 
the esthetic point of view, by 
reason of the continual prun¬ 
ing necessary to produce fine 
and abundant blooms. However, the char¬ 
acter of the bush is not particularly grace¬ 
ful or attractive, even if it were not pruned 
so rigorously; distinctly it is not a pictur¬ 
esque addition to a planting. So, whether 
you have ten or ten thousand plants, put 
them in a rose garden by themselves. 
This garden may take any form dictated 
by fancy or the surroundings, but the units 
of which it is composed are limited by the 
nature and needs of the plants in one direc¬ 
tion at least. They must be kept down to 
a width which makes it possible to reach 
every bit of the surface of the bed, and of 
course every bush, without stepping off the 
walk along which the bed lies. Nothing 
should induce or compel the gardener to set 
foot on the surface of the bed itself. 
As tea roses and hybrid teas need only 
20" between them, this means that the beds 
for this class will be from 3' wide for two 
rows “staggered,” or planted diagonally and 
alternate, to 5' wide for three rows. If 
you have space, plan the units which are to 
take the H. T.’s to be either 40" or 60" 
wide and set the rows 10" in from the edges 
of the bed and 20" apart, using two or three 
rows as the case may be. 
Hybrid perpetuals are much ranker 
growing than hybrid teas and require the 
space between them to be 2 *4'. Conse¬ 
quently these cannot be planted more than 
two rows to a bed, otherwise the bed would 
be so wide it could not be tended without 
breaking the rule against stepping on it. 
Four feet is usual, the plants being set 9" 
from the edges and here the “stagger” 
method really is worth while, owing to the 
distance between the plants. Placed thus 
diagonally, the two rows will come only 26" 
or thereabouts apart, while if the plants are 
set squarely opposite each other, they must 
be the full 30". 
(Continued on page 58) 
as soon as it was introduced to them, aim¬ 
ing to produce a hardy and continuous 
blooming species. 
They have succeeded—and they have not. 
No rose of tea ancestry has yet been pro¬ 
duced, to my knowledge, that is hardy in 
the fullest sense of the word. Yet hybrid 
tea roses generally are hardy enough not 
to be a difficult problem to the grower, even 
in the north; and they bloom and bloom and 
bloom, literally until frost nips them in the 
bud. So, though every rose garden must 
have certain of the hybrid perpetuals, or 
H. P.’s as they are familiarly called, the 
H. T.’s, or hybrid teas, should predominate 
in the proportion of at least three to one. 
The Tenderer Teas 
The still tenderer tea roses themselves 
are lovely, but unless one has 
an extensive rose garden they 
are not, to my mind, worth 
the extra winter care which 
they must have, particularly 
since so many quite as lovely 
H. T.’s are available. Some¬ 
times they come through and 
sometimes they don’t, yet you 
may have done exactly the 
same thing with them both 
times and every time. 
Undoubtedly the time will 
come when such a rose as the 
enthusiast dreams of will ac¬ 
tually exist, for until it does 
hybridizers will never rest! 
The Rugosa rose, from Japan, 
is regarded hopefully, and is already the 
parent or grandparent or great-great-grand¬ 
parent, as the case may be, of some very 
promising varieties that show a step or two 
in the direction of the ideal dreamed about 
and longed for. Probably no country in 
the world has a climate as trying to the 
rose as ours, however, and varieties that 
meet the standard in one section fall very 
far short of it in another, owing to climatic 
vagaries. So it is a task of greater magni¬ 
tude to develop the ideal rose for the United 
States than it has been in other parts of the 
world. 
In addition to the disappointments which 
develop through ignorance of the class to 
which a rose belongs and ignorance, there¬ 
fore, of just what may be expected of that 
