54 
HOUSE & GARDEN 
Do You Know Why You Need 
a GOOD Refrigerator? 
Refrigeration Means the 
Exclusion of Heat 
Not the Imprisonment of Cold 
There is no such thing as “Cold.” What we 
describe as cold is really a reduction in the 
amount of heat. Ice is placed in a refrigerator 
because in ice there are only 32 degrees of 
heat. 
There is a natural tendency everywhere toward equal¬ 
ization of temperatures between neighboring objects 
and the air surrounding them. This process of equal¬ 
ization is carried on, in a properly constructed refriger¬ 
ator, by circulation of the air. 
Air coming in contact with the ice gives off heat, and 
is therefore reduced in temperature. Air of low tem¬ 
perature, being heavier than air of higher temperatures, 
falls to the bottom of the refrigerator, drawing the 
warmer air from the top and bringing it in turn into 
contact with the ice. 
As the air drops from the ice chamber it passes over 
food which is of a higher temperature than itself. It 
takes heat from, and reduces the temperature of the 
food, its own temperature necessarily rising. With 
this rise in temperature the air again becomes lighter 
and ascends to the top of the food chamber. 
Thus the air is always circulating, and as it circulates 
it not only “chills” the food, but carries off and de¬ 
posits on the ice all objectionable odors. These odors 
are absorbed by the wet surface of the ice and pass 
out of the drainpipe in the water as the ice melts. 
The ice also takes the dampness from the air which 
passes over it. 
The result is a dry, sweet-smelling food chamber. 
In a good refrigerator—one so constructed that it 
prevents, as far as possible, the transmission of heat 
from the outside through its. walls and doors—the 
process of reduction in temperature is carried to a 
point much more closely approaching the temperature 
of the ice than is the case in an inferior refrigerator. 
The lower the temperature is, the more perfectly the 
food is preserved, and the longer the ice will last. 
This means the elimination of danger that the food 
will spoil, and a saving in ice bills. 
Lewis & Conger refrigerators are good 
refrigerators properly constructed 
There is a sice, shape and capacity for every requirement. 
Catalogs will be sent by mail if desired—or a visit to this 
store zvill enable us to assist you in the selection of the proper 
refrigerator for your home. 
JWIS&.^OHGEn 
Home Furnishings 
45th Street and 6th Avenue New York 
Botanically speaking, there 
are over ninety varieties of 
Nymphaea. This is one of the 
N. rosea types 
Hybrid Nymphaeas are repre¬ 
sented by several good vari¬ 
eties , among them Mrs. C. W. 
Ward, a beautiful pink 
The Mission of the Water Garden 
(Continued from page 21) 
deep pink, intense crimson, rosy lilac, 
pale yellow and bright yellow. The 
varieties also vary considerably in 
size, so that they may he selected in 
accordance with smaller pools. Of 
the tender water lilies, some open 
during the day and others at night. 
The Nympha;as should have from 
T to 3' of water, and T to 2' of soil. 
They do best where the water is not 
constantly changing. All should have 
full sunlight. 
Of the other plants, only a few 
can be mentioned here. The Egyp¬ 
tian “paper plant” (Cyperils papyrus ) 
grows about 7' high, somewhat re¬ 
sembling a small palm; it is effective 
and satisfactory. The “water poppy” 
(Limnocharis Humboldti), “water 
hyacinth” ( Eichornia ) and “parrot's 
feather” ( Myriopliyllum ) are three 
of the standards which will be 
wanted in most collections. 
Building the Pool 
The details of construction, except 
in extended systems, are simple. The 
site should be carefully staked out 
and excavated to a depth of 2' or 3'. 
If the soil is fairly heavy and the 
water supply generous, a bottom or 
lining sufficiently tight can be made 
by puddling it with clay, 4" to 6" 
deep, which is pounded firm and 
smooth. If sand and gravel are avail¬ 
able, a concrete lining can be put 
in with very little labor. A fairly 
rich mixture should be used. A neat 
edge may be finished off first in the 
rough, flush to the ground level. 
Then lay a row of bricks, placed flat 
and side by side, with the outer ends 
spread a little so as to allow them 
to follow the curve around the mar¬ 
gin but about 1" back from the edge. 
These can then be covered about 1" 
thick with the finishing mixture, pro¬ 
ducing a neat, uniform coping about 
10" wide and 3" high, in keeping 
with a small or medium-sized pool. 
The soil may be obtained from 
any pond or bog where black muck 
is to be found supporting abundant 
vegetable growth. In lieu of that, it 
can be a compost of rotted cow ma¬ 
nure and heavy soil, a third or so 
of the latter. On concrete bottoms 
the soil is generally placed in large 
wooden frames, T to 2' deep, to hold 
it in position; or concrete retaining 
walls may be constructed at the 
same time the floor is laid. 
From Three Gardeners’ Notebooks 
(Continued from page 47) 
succumbed on account of lack of light 
and general had treatment. 
Two years ago I interfered to save 
a plant from death and destruction 
hy taking it to my room, where it 
would at least have light and fairly 
rational treatment. It survived until 
spring and then with other plants was 
put out-of-doors on a plant stand in 
nirtial shade. It had no special care 
nit was duly watered and it made 
some new growth. In the fall it was 
taken into the house and with the 
other plants managed to live through 
the winter, but did not blossom. 
At the close of the winter, a friend 
who has great success with azaleas 
told me that she" repotted them every 
spring, putting a quantity of peat in 
the bottom of each dish. 
I had no peat, bu. I repotted my 
azalea, filling the pot about one-third 
full of dry sphagnum moss, such as 
is used by florists in packing plants. 
Above this I used some potting soil 
mixed with garden mold. The plant 
was placed on a stand in a location 
where it was shaded the greater part 
of the day. It was well watered dur¬ 
ing the summer, the earth never being 
allowed to get dry. In a short time 
new growth began to appear; every 
twig showed healthy little green 
leaves. 
In the fall the hush made a fine ap¬ 
pearance with its new dark green 
dress, and I was quite sure that buds 
were going to form. When it came 
time to take the plant into the house, 
it with others was placed in a room 
where there was a southern exposure 
with splendid sunshine, but where no 
artificial heat could be supplied. In 
this environment the bush continued 
to flourish and soon buds began to 
appear. After a while the room be¬ 
gan to get pretty cold at nights, but 
I was assured that azaleas would 
stand a considerable degree of cold, 
and the sunshine was so fine that I 
disliked to make a change until really 
obliged to do so, for buds were de¬ 
veloping, though rather slowly. So I 
covered the plants with papers at 
night and left them in this room sev¬ 
eral weeks. One night the mercury 
fell to 34°. I thought that was run¬ 
ning almost too great a risk for some 
of my plants, so removed the prim¬ 
roses, begonias and asparagus vines 
to a warmer room, but still' left the 
azalea where it would have the sun¬ 
shine during the day, at night carry¬ 
ing it out into the hall where the 
temperature was a little higher. 
After a little it was not convenient to 
do this, so the azalea was carried into 
my room where it would have light. 
In a few weeks it was in full bloom. 
Florence Beckwith. 
