444 
way. Underclothing is best of wool (must be, in 
late fall), thick woollen socks or stockings, two 
different weights. Good high boots are essential 
and a pair of ordinary moccasins. Never take 
rubber boots into the woods; they are too heavy 
and get wet with sweat. Fishing is not done by 
wading, but from the canoe. The growth along 
the banks is too rank for casting, and the streams 
too rough and deep and dangerous for much wad¬ 
ing. Heavy flannel shirts, and lighter ones for 
warm days, are required. A silk neck hand¬ 
kerchief is a comfort. A good sheath knife is 
of great use, for I assume you will do your share 
of the work in the woods. 
You must paddle steadily, not because the 
guide is not quite capable of getting on without 
you, but because you will need the exercise. As 
soon as you have seen how camp is made, tents 
set up, fire-place laid, beds prepared, etc., you 
will be able to help in many ways, even if it is 
only carrying water. A bas the man who sits 
down and smokes when the canoes grate on the 
shore, and serenely watches the guide do all the 
work. Such a fellow should stay at home and 
watch the traffic from the club window. 
You should know as you light your pipe, at that 
most delicious of all hours in the woods, when 
the dishes have been washed and the big logs put 
on for the night, that you have had a fairly 
strenuous day, and are heartily glad to turn in—- 
pretty soon. But for a while the fire's witchery, 
and the pipe, and the far-off call of a loon or the 
bark of a fox, the cry of the blue heron, the 
memory of that tussle with the big fellow at the 
lower falls—the one that got away because you 
could not follow him down stream quickly 
enough—funny how he got away—curious—(you 
are already in the Happy Fishing Grounds, but 
you do not know it!)—oblivion. 
As the guide calls you to coffee and flapjacks, 
not all too early next morning, it may be raining, 
and you will be glad you are provided with a 
suit of light yachting oilskins, with which you 
can defy a torrent. 
And what of the fishing tackle? Just ordinary 
first quality tackle. Have at least two rods; one 
fairly' stout for heavy fishing—I mean, one that 
can stand a lot of wear and tear—and the other 
light. I should suggest one of eight ounces and 
the other five ounces, both of split cane. Not 
more than ninety feet of line will be required on 
the reel. I need hardly remark that spare im¬ 
plements must be brought along, as nothing can 
be replaced. 
The trout as a rule do not run large, but they 
are uniformly lively, and very toothsome. A 
two-pounder is a big fellow, and the average on 
good days will be three-quarters of a pound. 
Such a fish, or one running to one and one-half 
pounds, is the best fighter of all. As they get 
larger they lose in fighting qualities. Flies for 
early fishing, when the waters are high and dis¬ 
colored, are often large. Bright flies take best, 
these trout being omniverous feeders and going 
for what appears first on the surface. If not 
hungry, nothing will tempt him, unless you de¬ 
scend to the worm. The thing is to use a very 
light rod and delicate tackle. A pounder on light 
tackle in quick water is a “lively proposition.” 
Englishmen bring over too heavy rods, as a rule. 
Dry fly fishing is generally wasted on the savage 
and uneducated northern trout, but at times, for 
a change, it may be tried. 
FOREST AND STREAM 
You note the kind of life, with its constant 
change of lovely scenery, its observation of wild 
life, its episodes of danger, as in running rapids, 
its opportunities to carry home a wonderful series 
of photographic negatives, its exciting angling, 
its complete freedom from the worries, aye, 
mostly even from the thought of civilization. 
The last question—the cost? The answer— 
once at the starting point, the complete expense 
of a sportsman, including guide, provisions for 
both, tent, canoe, cooking kit, etc., will be about 
$5 a day, the only possible extras being the usual 
tip, and the teaming of persons and canoes, cheap 
in Nova Scotia. 
Of course, any extra dainties that the sports¬ 
man brings along with him are not reckoned in 
this, but the provisions furnished by the stores 
at South Milford are, though plain, of good 
quality and variety. There is no shooting till the 
ducks fly in September, but a .22 repeater is al- 
And What of Fishing Tackle? 
ways a source of amusement, and there are owls, 
hawks, porcupines and wildcats, and many other 
creatures without the pale of the law, in case 
bloodthirsty feelings arise. 
AS LONDON SEES IT. 
Fishing is the leading American sport next to 
the pianola. It is carried on almost entirely in 
sporting papers, but can be done in streams and 
lakes, says London Tit-Bits. 
Fishes are divided by science into two families, 
edible and non-edible. Edible fishes are those 
that are landed. 
Edible fishes weigh from one to three ounces. 
Larger fish than this live in literature and do not 
take the bait. 
There are innumerable varieties of bait, such 
as worms, grasshoppers, beetles and toy torpedo 
boats, known as casting baits. 
Casting is done by hurling the torpedo boat 
violently into the water and hauling it back till 
the fisher faints. 
There are also better baits, such as lobster pots 
and dynamite. 
The noblest fishing is fly-fishing. It is the art 
of throwing a miniature feather duster on the 
water in the hope that it will look like a fly. 
Countless fishes instantly dart from all points 
of the horizon to look at it. 
The most disastrous mistake in fishing is pa¬ 
tience. If a fish does not bite instantly, the fisher 
should try another place at once. After trying 
three places without success, the fisher will do 
best by bailing the place out with a bucket. 
The best bait for general fishing is the worm. 
It is enormously plentiful over the entire habit¬ 
able globe except when it is wanted for bait. 
The worm should be lowered into the water 
kindly but firmly. As soon as the fish bites, he 
must be played. The best way to get a game 
fish is to play him till he jumps and then stun 
him with a club. 
The leading game fish of the United States is 
the speckled beauty. Uncultivated persons call 
this fish a trout. The speckled beauty is speckled 
with vermilion, green, purple and blue spots over 
a brown moire with watered silk effect. It 
ranges in size from two inches to monsters of 
three and four, and lives exclusively in babbling 
brooks not less than one inch deep. It is fished 
for with artificial flies and caught with worms. 
The bullhead has the openest smile of any 
game fish except the sperm whale. The sperm 
whale, however, is not a true game fish. He is an 
independent oil refiner who was pushed into the 
sea when John D. Rockefeller was evoluted. 
One sperm whale is considered a fair catch 
for one day’s fishing. 
Fishers who would rather fish for numbers 
than quality usually devote themselves to the eel. 
The eel is exceedingly easy to catch, but not so 
easy to uncatch. A ten-inch eel swallows the 
hook and sixty feet of line in the moment of im¬ 
pact. The fisher must jerk violently as soon as 
an eel bites. He will then discover the eel looped 
handsomely around his neck and tied with a 
sailor’s half-hitch. 
A somewhat more aristocratic sport is salmon 
fishing. 
The salmon is caught with a pole that has been 
sawed into three or more pieces and put together 
again at an expense of not less than $100. The 
salmon fishes begins at dawn to cast into the 
salmon pool with his pieced pole and continues 
casting till sunset. A guide then wades into the 
pool and gets the salmon with a gaff-hook. 
There is also salt-water fishing. 
The equipment for a salt-water fisher is a 
strong pole, one mile of twine, a meat-hook and 
a side-wheel steamer. The steamer is to get sea¬ 
sick on. 
The very best way to fish is by trolling. It is 
the favorite method of fat men, who fish for 
exercise. Trolling is done by sitting in an easy 
chair in a boat and being rowed around by a 
friend. The troller holds a pole and line. At 
the end of this line is a piece of machinery that 
revolves swiftly if the rower is kept up to his 
work by judicious remarks from the troller. 
The machine has a bouquet of colored feathers 
attached to it, together with as many hooks as 
possible. Very often a rower will have rowed 
barely fifty miles before a fish is hooked. En¬ 
thusiastic trollers keep a supply of fresh friends 
on hand during the trolling season. 
