Simmons, Remarks about tlie Relation of the Floras etc. 
153 
species proceeded before the incipient glaciation began to press 
first the polar flora and gradually also the north one atlantic 
southwards, can not be determined. All this is not mentioned 
by Kj eil man, but abont the next stage there is a marked 
difference between him and Reinke. The latter tliinks it very 
likely, that the old polar flora was totally exstirpated in its 
original homestead and only could smwive by migrating south¬ 
wards. Yet* Reinke seems not to have observed Kjellman's 
opinion in this point, as he does not object against it and only 
refers to Warmin g’s (52) theory about the landflora of Green- 
land. Afterwards, when the ice melted away, the algae 
gradually came back, but it now was a flora, mixed of polar 
and atlantic elements. Kjellman only regards the atlantic 
species as new immigrants. This difference between the opinions 
of Kjellman and Reinke seems to have totally escaped 
Borges en (8, p. 102), who gives, what he him seif calls a very 
Condensed report („— —mit Referat er jo meget kortfattet“, 9, 
p. 248) of their theories. The curious assertion, that the flora 
of the northern area was arctic already during the existence of 
the landbridge (8, p. 102) he has retracted afterwards (9, p. 248—49). 
In the following list of arctic algae I have included all the 
species that are found along the coast from the Kola Peninsula 
to Bering Strait, along the northern coast of America, in the 
Arctic-american Archipelago, at the coasts of Greenland, Jan 
Mayen, Spitzbergen, Beeren Island and Kovaja Semlja, i. e. in 
the regions that can be called true arctic (cf. Kjellman, 30, 
p. 4 and 68). The division of the area is somewhat altered from 
that of Kjellman, in as much as Western Greenland has been 
separated from tlie American province because of the very 
different degree in which these tracts are investigated and the 
Kara Sea is transferred to the Siberian Polar Sea. In the 
column of the Spitzbergen-province, that perhaps is less uniform 
than Kjellman thought, I have marked occurrence in Spitz¬ 
bergen itself with „s“, in east Greenland with „g w , and in otker 
parts (Murman Sea) \vith „e“. In the column of the northern 
Pacific I have made no separate mention of the occurrence in 
different parts, as nearly all species are found in the best explored, 
that is to say the northwestern coast of America. Äs for 
the temperate european area, entered in the table, northern 
Korway and the Iceland-Faeroe-district have got separate co- 
lumns. If I had had newer and better information at my disposal 
about the northern portion of the american east coast, I 
should have given it a separate column, now most species 
indicated are from the United States after F arlow (17) and 
Coli ins (11), even if sorne are admitted on other authority. The 
