112 
House & Garden 
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Propagating Ferns 
(■Continued from page 110) 
one or two leaves, the main root and a 
tube-like arm through which the mother 
plant supplies it with food until it has 
become independent. This grows into 
the sexless plant which develops the 
spores. 
If ferns have been propagated from 
spores they should be transplanted into 
a sandy humus as soon as two leaves 
have been fully developed. Although 
this method of propagation is very in¬ 
teresting, still it is somewhat tedious. 
The spores are sown into flower pots 
filled one-third full with soil, the re¬ 
quisite amount of moisture being sup¬ 
plied by a saucer upon which the pot 
should be placed. The spores and the 
young plants are protected by placing a 
glass plate on the rim in such a way 
that the drops of water which may 
form must run down the sides. Neither 
should they be exposed to the penetrat¬ 
ing rays of the sun. 
Some fern varieties form adventitious 
buds both on leaves and on the veins. 
These should be taken off and planted 
individually into flower pots where they 
will soon grow into beautiful and val¬ 
uable plants. 
Shrubby ferns can be rapidly multi¬ 
plied either by dividing the older plants 
or by taking off runners, i.e., young un¬ 
developed fronds appearing at the base 
of the plant. These should be pro¬ 
vided with roots. A division of the 
plant should only take place before the 
fronds have developed, and then only 
when the roots completely fill the pot. 
Only free, independent, and uninjured 
root balls should be used for this pur¬ 
pose. But before transplanting they 
should be somewhat loosened with a 
small, round stick. They should never 
be cut. An ideal soil, which should be 
yearly renewed, consists of decayed 
wood, or leaf mould mixed with sand. 
Transplantation generally takes place in 
March or April. Then they should be 
moderately watered until the fronds 
grow perceptibly larger. 
As a rule ferns are shade plants and 
(Continued on page 114) 
