February, 1914 
HOUSE AND GARDEN 
129 
It is a question very much further back 
than planting; that is just the point. It is 
something accomplished only by the ex¬ 
tension into the garden of what, for want 
of a better name, I must call the “lead” of 
the house. But this does not mean carry¬ 
ing architectural features into the garden, 
nor extending the lines of the house by 
means of garden features, as might at first 
seem. Rather, it means finding, if you do 
not already know, the various “house 
centers” and relating the garden to them 
directly — and so relating it directly to the 
very best heart of the house. This, which 
I have called “house center,” is archi¬ 
tecturally known by the term “axisso it 
is the house axis or axes which must be 
found — a leading axis, followed by as 
many that are secondary as the situation, 
developing, will reveal. 
An axis is, of course, the line upon 
which a design balances. It may run the 
entire length of the house if the building 
is symmetrically laid out, or it may be 
confined to a doorway and its small 
portico, if irregularity prevails in the de¬ 
sign. On page 113 is shown the regular 
rectangular form which some houses 
assume, with its two principal axes — the 
longitudinal and the transverse. Another 
diagram shows a form of great irregu¬ 
larity, with some of the axes which might 
be selected for use in developing this 
principle of unity between the building and 
its setting. 
The choice of the really important one, 
or ones, for the foundation of the garden 
design is very necessary; and to this end 
bear in mind that it is not always the axis 
of the main bulk of the building that is 
important, out of doors. Assuming, for 
instance, that B is the main entrance to the 
house, and that A is an overhanging win¬ 
dow or a flight of steps, or some such 
feature ; the latter would be of greater im¬ 
portance to the garden design because a 
main entrance is, invariably, to be treated 
as something separate and distinct from 
the rest of the gardens. It is a little motif 
of independent purpose and demands. 
Or, assuming that E is a broad terrace 
axis and D a drawing-room or living- 
room axial line, E might, and usually 
would, take precedence over D, because it 
is already outdoors, on its way to the gar¬ 
den, so to speak. A group of windows, a 
doorway, or any number of the lesser 
architectural features, may afford centers, 
or axes, where the main lines of the 
ground plan will not reveal them. Choose 
the one rising from the feature most im¬ 
portant architecturally for extension into, 
and domination over, the garden plan. 
The lesser may be emphasized with lesser 
garden features, perhaps, or may be 
ignored altogether,according to the general 
circumstances and requirements of the de¬ 
sign. This is one of the things which the 
individual designer must decide for him¬ 
self. 
Proceeding to actual garden design, 
with the two diagrams already given as 
illustrations, we find that the axes of the 
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