102 
House b" Garden 
The pictured building is Indian Village Manor, in Detroit, a 
great modern apartment house, of which Bonnah <& Chaffee were 
the architects. The Thompson-Starrett Co. built it, and the 
hardware was supplied by Gregg Hardware Company, of Detroit. 
As modern as to-morrow I 
T he great apartment buildings of our time! 
Under one vast, adequate rooftree thrive 
hundreds of modern homes, each as separate 
as though on planets far apart. 
To each, comfortably provided with every 
easeful device ingenuity knows, there is as¬ 
sured that imperative comfort, . . . 
Quiet doors! 
Hung with McKinney Hinges, the doors of 
these immense buildings are definitely quiet, 
smooth-working, effectual—as doors ought to 
be. And to the little cottage, even as to the 
superb modern apartment house, these hinges 
guarantee lasting, satisfying door-ability. 
Doors, McKinney-hung, stay silent and true- 
hung, right on through the years. You would 
enjoy reading why, as told in the book “Sug¬ 
gestions for the Home-builder.” It would be 
a pleasure to mail you a copy. 
McKinney manufacturing company 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Western Office: Wrigley Building, Chicago 
MCKINNEY 
Hindes and Butts and Hardware 
A horizontal cordon with fruit spurs is suited only to 
very vigorous varieties such as Emperor, Almeria, and 
the Persian grapes grown far apart in rich soil 
THE CHOICE and PRUNING of GRAPES i 
{Continued from page 78 ) 
European grape industry there as well as 
in California is maintained by this 
method, the roots being our native 
Riparia grape and the tops any desired 
variety, which must be inserted on the 
stock so that it does not come in contact 
with the soil. This cheats the phylloxera. 
California went into the production of 
European grapes for the manufacture of 
wine and raisins and as the industry 
became established prohibition came into 
effect and despair filled the minds of many 
growers. Prohibition and the enactment 
of pure food legislation has so stimulated 
the demand for fruits and fruit juices 
that, whereas our rail movement of fresh 
grapes did not e.xceed 15,000 cars in 1913, 
in 1922 it was over 56,000 cars largely 
from California and the home demand 
for grapes has increased in like proportion. 
The development of the grape juice 
industry even prior to the enactment of 
prohibition may be seen from the data in 
regard to the Chautauqua grape belt in 
New York and Pennsylvania. In 1904, 
400,000 gallons were made, in 1905, 
600,000 gallons, in 1906, 1,000,000 gal¬ 
lons, in 1907, 1,500,000 gallons, and in 
1915, 3,156,000 gallons, utilizing about 
25% of the total grape production of the 
region. In California prior to 1918, 
about one-seventh of the grapes were 
used for the table, two-sevenths as raisins 
and four-sevenths for wine and grape 
juice. The raisin grapes are grown almost 
entirely in six counties in California with ji 
Fresno as the center of the industry and ! 
Muscat of Alexandria as the leading ; 
variety. The industry has doubled in 
five years, exceeding 360,000,000 pounds 
a year. Sultana, Sultanina {Thomson . 
Seedless) and grapes of that class are 
used for the production of the seedless 
raisins. 
There are many species of native 
grapes, and these have been used for ; 
the production of new types and varieties, : 
so that the grapes suitable for the I 
Southern states may fail in the North and 
vice versa. The European grapes must 
all be grafted as outlined, and if given 
winter protection by laying the vine down 
and covering with soil, many may be 
grown out-of-doors as far north as West¬ 
ern New York. Among desirable types of 
European grapes for the East for growing 
out-of-doors, from Western New York 
southward are: Chasselas Besson, Chas- 
sclas Golden, both yellowish-green grapes, 
with Chasselas Rose, a light red grape. 
These have clusters and berries of medium 
size, fruits thin-skinned, juicy, tender, 
sweet and very good. Rosaki also has 
green berries resembling Malaga; it is a 
late grape and verj^ good. 
.Vmong black grapes Petite Syrah, 
Camay and Black Hamburg may be 
grown. All need winter protection. 
Concord is the leading commercial 
{Continued on page 104 ) 
The Umbrella Kniffen Sys¬ 
tem, used in theSouth,cmploys 
one or two wires 
Head pruning of European 
grapes as used in California 
for small growing vines 
