October, 1919 
21 
monize with its architecture, a 
planting of dwarf evergreens, 
Japanese barberry and evony- 
mus (to mention a few of the 
most successful plants) will 
add a touch of color and life. 
As a matter of fact, the 
winter window ledge idea is 
fully as applicable to the 
country house as to the city. 
In this case, too, it may be 
given an added charm—that 
of attracting certain of our 
desirable winter birds that 
stay with us through the cold 
weather. If bits of suet, pea¬ 
nuts and pieces of bone are 
tied to the dwarf evergreens 
here and there they will fur¬ 
nish many a meal to the 
chickadees, nuthatches and 
perhaps a woodpecker or jay. 
Besides these foods, bread 
crumbs or bird seed scattered 
in the box should draw the 
juncos and the tree spanows. 
Indeed, any real evergreen 
winter garden will prove a 
refuge for the birds. 
Glassed in Gardens 
All these, of course, are 
entirely outdoor arrange¬ 
ments, requiring no artificial 
heat or protection of any sort. 
There remain to be consid¬ 
ered briefly some of the forms 
of glassed-in gardens which 
are apart from the out-and- 
out greenhouse. 
It often happens that an 
areaway, jog or angle in the 
wall, small walled yard or 
“.U ; r 1 ¥■ — v ,T 
iCAUL IN rCTJ 
Winter effects are especially planned for here, but the charm of the garden 
is strong in summer as well. A vine covered trellis surmounts the low 
fieldstone wall at the opposite end from the house. The planting key is 
below. Elizabeth Leonard Strang, landscape architect 
other architectural oddity can 
be glassed in to form what is 
in effect a miniature conserv 
atory. If this is so located 
that it can be partially heated 
through some connection with 
the house itself, such as a 
door or window, so much the 
better; or perhaps the rays of 
the sun will serve as a more 
or less adequate heating sys¬ 
tem. In the latter case it will 
be necessary to move some of 
the more tender plants in¬ 
doors at night, when the 
temperature of the outside 
glassed area will naturally 
fall to the freezing point or 
below. Two of the photo¬ 
graphs on page 20 suggest 
some of the possibilities 
which winter enclosures of 
this sort offer. 
A New Field 
In the final analysis, the 
development of the winter 
garden idea is rather in its 
infancy in this country. What 
we need to do is recognize 
the possibilities of our indi¬ 
vidual places, to give a little 
more rein to our imagina¬ 
tions. There is no call for 
us to draw into our garden 
shells and hibernate as soon 
as snow flies and our sum¬ 
mer plantings become things 
of the past. There is a 
wholesome strength in the 
garden planned for winter 
effects which is good for the 
soul. 
PLANTING LIST for A GARDEN of WINTER EFFECTS 
EVERGREEN TREES 
1 . Junipents virginiana (red cedar): 3 plants 4' apart, 
4'-5' high. Chosen for pointed picturesque ef¬ 
fect, and blue berries relished by birds. 
2. Picea orientalis (oriental spruce): 2 plants 6 ' 
apart, 3'-4' high. Dense, dark green. 
3. Chamaecyparis pisifera plumosa (retinospora): 4 
specimens, 2 1 /*>'-4' high. Not suitable for ex¬ 
tremely cold climate, in which case use clipped 
hemlocks. 
EVERGREEN SHRUBS AND VINES 
4. Evonymus radicans var. vegetus (broad-leaved 
evonymus): 190 plants 12" apart, 10"-12" high. 
Clipped to form hedge like box. 
5. Juniperus chinensis Pfitzenana (upright Chinese 
juniper): 24 plants 2' apart, 2'-2^' high. Very 
hardy, silvery green, light and feathery to show 
above snow. 
6 . Taxus baccata repqndens (prostrate yew): 16 
plants 2' apart, l%'-2' spread. Hardy, dark 
green, branches curving upward. 
7. Mahonia aquifolium (Oregon grape): 3 plants 2 ' 
apart, l^&'-2' high. Yellow flowers, dark blue 
fruit, glossy evergreen foliage. 
8 . Pieris floribmida (lily-of-the-valley shrub) : 4 
plants 2' apart, 15"-18" high. Broad leaved 
evergreen, compact bushy shape, does not burn. 
9. Rhododendron hybrid Boule de Neige (dwarf white 
rhododendron): 5 plants 2' apart, 18"-24" high. 
10. Rhododendron hybrid roseum elegans: 7 plants 3' 
apart, 24"-30" high. Pink. 
11. Azalea atnoena var. Hinodegiri: 2 plants 9"-12" 
high. Low, small flowers of pure brilliant red. 
12. Kalnua latifolia (mountain laurel): 12 plants 2' 
apart, l'-l V 2 ' high. 
13. Ilex'Crenata (Japanese holly): 2 plants, specimens, 
2';2 1 /£' high. Dark green, small leaves resem¬ 
bling box but hardier. 
14. Cotoneaster Franchctii (cotoneaster): 6 plants 2' 
apart, l'-iy 2 ' high. Slender arching branches, 
erect growth, persistent leaves, red berries. 
DECIDUOUS TREES AND SHRUBS 
15. Salix vitellina var. britzensia (salmon barked wil¬ 
low) : 6 plants 4' apart, 8'-10' high. Twigs vivid 
orange in winter. 
16. Betula papyracea (canoe birch) : 4 plants, close to¬ 
gether, 8'-10' high. Gleaming white bark, larger 
than the common gray birch. 
17. Crataegus cor data (native thorn): 3 plants 6 ' 
apart, 5'-6' high. Scarlet fruit persists until 
spring. 
18. Cornus mascula (cornelian cherry): 2 plants 5' 
apart, 2*4'-3' high. Small yellow flowers in 
early spring, red fruits attractive to birds. 
19. Cornus alba var. Sibirica (Siberian dogwood) : 13 
plants 3' apart, 2 1 fe t -3J4' high. Vivid red twigs 
conspicuous in winter. 
20 . Lonicera fragrantissinia (fragrant bush honey¬ 
suckle) : 5 plants 3'-4' high. Small fragrant 
flowers appearing before the leaves, which are 
dark, glossy and almost evergreen. 
21. Kerria japonica (globe flower) : 7 plants 3' apart, 
114'-2' high. Fine twigs of bright green. 
22. Symphoricarpos racemosus (snowberry): 6 plants, 
2' apart. 2 l / 2 '-3 i / 2 ' high. Large white fruits in 
early winter. 
23. Hcmamclis japonica (Japanese witch-hazel): 6 
plants 3' apart, 2j£'-3U ’' high. Small yellow 
flower in January or February. 
24. Rosa rugosa var. alba (white Japanese rose): 3 
plants 2' apart, 2'-3' high. Conspicuous red haws 
in winter. 
VINES 
25. Cclastrus orbiculatus (Japanese bittersweet): 8 
plants 3'-4' apart, 4 years old. More shrubby 
than native sort: fruit in smaller clusters and 
more scattered. 
26. Rosa miiltitlora (trailing rose) : 16 plants 3' apart, 
2 years old. Covered in winter with small red 
haws. 
HERBACEOUS PLANTS 
27. Polystichum acrostichoidcs (Christmas fern): 20 
plants, 12" apart. Evergreen all winter. 
28. Galax aphylla (wand plant): 30 plants 12" apart. 
Round, shining, evergreen leaves. 
29. Thymus (thyme): here and there in cracks of stone 
walks. 
(a) . T. serpyllum lanuginos-us, gray leaved 
thyme, 10 plants. 
(b) . T. serpyllum citriodorus, lemon-scented 
thyme, 10 plants. 
(c) . T. vulgaris, English thyme, 10 plants. 
30. Mentha requieni (mint): low, moss-like fragrant 
when bruised, in cracks between stones. 
31. Helleborus niger (Christmas rose): clumps, 16 
plants 12" apart. White flowers in winter or 
very early spring, frequently blooming under the 
snow. 
32. Daphne cneorum (garland flower): 28 plants 12" 
apart, 6 "- 8 " high. Evergreen plant or shrub, 
with very fragrant pink flowers. 
BULBS 
33. Erantliis hyemalis (winter aconite): 250 bulbs. 
Small yellow flowers, very early, in cracks be¬ 
tween stones. 
34. Galanthus nivalis (snowdrops) : 250 bulbs. 
35. Crocus, mammoth golden yellow, 100 bulbs. 
36. Crocus chrysanthus: a very early variety, 50 bulbs. 
37. Muscari botryoides (grape hyacinths): 100 bulbs. 
For spring bloom; blue flowers in May. Very 
permanent, do not run out like tulips, but in¬ 
crease in size and numbers. 
