96 
Guaranteed Sunfast 
Draperies & Upholsteries 
^T^HE welcome sunshine streaming into every room 
X in the house is a joy when Orinoka curtains and 
draperies are used. Their most delicate colorings never 
become dim nor the beautiful lustre dull, however 
powerful the sunlight or frequent the tubbings. Every 
color is absolutely guaranteed not to fade. 
To get genuine sunfast insist upon the name “Orinoka.” 
There is a fine, wide choice of light and heavy tex¬ 
tures, designs and colorings. Write for our booklet, 
“Draping the Home.” 
Dept. G., 
ORINOKA MILLS, 
Clarendon Bldg., New York 
FLOWERS 
—are to be found in the finest gardens. They are developed 
especially for the cultured home. Hardy perennials, shrubbery, 
roses, bulbs and ornamental trees—in a wide variety. 
Our Landscape Gardening Service makes it a simple matter for 
you to secure the beauty you wish in your grounds. May we 
tell you more about it? 
Our fall catalog is of especial interest to all flower lovers. It 
gives a table showing how to plant for a succession of bloom 
during the whole season. Free. Ask for Catalog 128. 
WAGNER PARK NURSERIES, 
NURSER YMEN FLORIS TS 
Box 38, Sidney, Ohio 
LANDSCAPE GARDENERS 
House & Garden 
Plants Useful for Attracting Fruit- 
Eatin g Birds 
(Continued from page 94) 
namental garden plants which are en¬ 
tirely dependent on cultivation fulfill all 
requirements and produce in abundance 
seeds which are highly relished by spar¬ 
rows. To these may be added a few 
native species which are not bad weeds, 
and the various millets, which are ex¬ 
celled by no other plants in attractive¬ 
ness to seed-eating birds. The following 
are recommended for sparrows and other 
birds liking small seeds: 
Love-lies-bleeding ( Amaranthus can- 
datus), princes feather (both Amaran¬ 
thus hypochondriacus and Polygonum 
orientate) , yellow chamomile ( Anthemis 
tinctoria), chamomile ( Anthemis nobilis), 
Calandrinia umbellata, bachelors button 
( Centaurea cyanus), African millet 
(Eleusine coracana ), California poppy 
( Eschscholtzia californica) ,tarweed ( Ma¬ 
dia elegans), miners lettuce ( Montia 
perfoliata) , millet ( Panicum miliaceum) , 
Japan barnyard millet ( Panicum crus- 
galli var.), German millet or Hungarian 
grass ( Setaria italica ), and sunflower. 
Several of the species of sunflower will 
serve, the common sunflower ( Helian- 
thus annuus ) being one of the best, 
having named varieties especially prized 
for the abundance and large size of the 
seed. No seeds are more relished by 
graminivorous birds than the millets; 
in fact, they are so much preferred that 
they have been used with good effect 
for drawing the attention of birds from 
more valuable grain crops. 
Food Plants for Upland Game Birds 
The distinction between the dietaries 
of the so-called frugivorous and grami¬ 
nivorous birds is not so marked as would 
be inferred from a strict interpretation 
of these terms. Particularly in the case 
of the grouse and quail does a limited 
characterization of the food habits fail 
to express the truth. Consequently in 
recommending plants attractive to these 
birds many must be mentioned that are 
included in the lists for fruit-eating 
birds. Grouse are fond of both buds 
and leaves; hence some plants which 
have neither nutritious fruit nor seeds 
are for them important food plants. 
While the establishment of preserves 
for land game birds is yet a new move¬ 
ment in this country, it is certain to be¬ 
come of great importance. Hence it is 
desirable to disseminate information as 
to the food and covert plants that are 
favored by the grouse and quail. Bob- 
whites frequently use covers of rose, 
alder, and blackberry bushes, and thickly 
set barberry, bayberry, and dense banks 
of honeysuckle are suitable. These 
plants also furnish food for the birds, 
but they should be supplemented by 
others more exclusively adapted for this 
purpose. Sumac, Japanese clover, 
buckwheat, sorghum, millet, vetches, 
cowpeas, and any plants of the pea fam¬ 
ily producing small seeds are valuable, 
and should be sown in large quantities. 
The seeds of milk pea ( Galactia ), par¬ 
tridge pea (C hamcechrista) , hog peanut 
(Falcata ), wild bean (Strophostyles ), 
and smartweeds ( Polygonum ) are im¬ 
portant natural foods of the eastern 
quail, but should be encouraged only 
where they cannot become weed pests. 
The western quail are fond of the seeds 
of sumac, bur clover, alfilaria, lupines, 
napa thistle, and turkey mullein plants; 
but where these plants are liable to be¬ 
come nuisances the food plants recom¬ 
mended for the eastern quail will serve. 
Coverts for grouse, as the sharptail, 
should abound in such plants as rose, 
sumach, blueberry, bearberry, buffalo 
berry, dwarf birch, and alder. The 
ruffed grouse thrives among scrub oak, 
bayberry, rose, sumac, dwarf birch, 
alder, poplar, willow, and such fruit¬ 
bearing plants as partridge berry, haw¬ 
thorn, viburnum, wild grapes, mountain 
ash, blueberry, blackberry, and cran¬ 
berry. Cover of this nature is suited to 
the heath hen also, and to the imported 
pheasants and the Hungarian partridge, 
but in all cases it is well to supplement 
the food supply furnished by these 
shrubs and trees by planting small 
grains and legumes as recommended for 
quail. 
Plants Useful for Protecting Cultivated 
Fruit 
The practice of planting wild or in¬ 
ferior fruits for the purpose of tolling 
birds away from valuable cultivated va¬ 
rieties is very old, but it has never been 
tried as widely and systematically as 
seems desirable, the chief essential to 
the success of this plan is that the decoy 
trees shall be early bearing species, for 
almost all of the damage to fruit by 
birds is inflicted on the earliest varieties, 
evidently because of the scarcity of early 
wild fruit. Probably cherries, raspber¬ 
ries, and strawberries suffer more in the 
aggregate than all of the later fruits. 
Fortunately we have a fruit which fills 
this need, one which ripens with the 
earliest cherries and is a favorite with all 
frugivorous birds, namely, the mulberry, 
both native and cultivated. 
Three varieties of the native mulberry 
(Morns rubra), namely, the Hicks, 
Stubbs, and Townsend, are especially 
successful in the Southern States, though 
the Hicks is known to thrive in the 
Carolinian faunal areas and Stubbs in 
the Alleghenian. The Townsend is a 
comparatively new variety and its hardi¬ 
ness is unknown, but it ripens fruit re¬ 
markably early and should be given a 
thorough trial. According to Prof. L. 
H. Bailey, the New American (often 
sold under the name Downing) is the 
best mulberry known for the Northern 
States. The Russian mulberry is the 
hardiest variety and is a favorite in the 
plains region and other places where 
great extremes of temperature prevail. 
It succeeds in as diverse climates as 
those of North Dakota and New Mex¬ 
ico. The New American, Russian, and 
Black Persian mulberries are known to 
do well in California, and the indications 
are that the latter is suited to conditions 
in the Lower Sonoran faunal area. 
When planting mulberries for the pur¬ 
pose of protecting cultivated fruits, the 
earliest fruiting varieties obtainable 
should be used. 
Among fruits suitable for the same 
purpose, but not now known to be as 
valuable as mulberries, are the mahaleb 
or stock cherry {Primus mahaleb) and 
the European bird cherry {Prunus 
padus). Among native fruits the only 
ones that can be recommended at pres¬ 
ent are the service berry or Juneberry 
{Amelanchier) , redberried elder {Sam- 
bucus pubens ), and wild strawberries 
and raspberries. Patches of the earliest 
varieties of these small berries are very 
attractive to birds. • 
Injury to later fruits, except in locali¬ 
ties where there are no wild fruits, is 
more difficult to prevent, as in such cases 
it probably arises from preference by 
the birds for a particular cultivated 
fruit. Thus grapes suffer seriously in 
some places. The always reliable mul¬ 
berries are useful even at this season, as 
some varieties continue in bearing from 
two to six months. Elderberries are 
probably the most valuable native fruit 
for attracting birds in the summer and 
fall, particularly in the West, where they 
have a long fruiting season. In the 
North and East no summer fruits are 
more attractive to birds than the black 
cherry {Primus serotina) and choke 
cherry {Prunus virginiana). 
{Continued on page 102) 
