100 
House & Garden 
A Comer of Our Show Rooms 
The Charm and Beauty of a well appointed home 
can best be realized through the Valiant Shops with¬ 
out the objection of prohibitive cost. 
Hand wrought facsimiles of the master makers of 
English, French and Italian furniture. A collection 
of which we are justly proud. 
A visit will reveal a wealth of suggestions and interest 
J. W. Valiant, President, Wm. J. MacMullin, Philadelphia 
224 N. Charles St. Director, 1718 Chestnut Street. 
THE J.G-.VALIANT COMPANY 
fcg.4-226N.CHARLES .STREET_1718 CHESTNUT STREET. 
PHILADELPHIA 
Anchor Post 
Gates 
Attractively designed, An¬ 
chor Post Gates lend an air 
of refinement and complete¬ 
ness and greatly enhance the 
appearance of property and 
the surrounding grounds. 
Sturdily built and firmly 
erected this attractiveness is 
always maintained. 
Interesting catalogues on 
Anchor Post Fences, Gates and 
Railing for all purposes will he 
mailed upon request. 
ANCHOR POST IRON WORKS 
167 Broadway New York 
BOSTON—79 Milk Street; PHILA¬ 
DELPHIA—Real Estate Trust Bldg.; 
HARTFORD—902 Main Street; 
CLEVELAND—Guardian Bldg. ; AT¬ 
LANTA—Empire Bldg. ; CHICAGO 
—Edison Bldg. 2258-G 
Your Spring Garden Gay 
with Daffodilly and Narcissii 
Trumpets, gold and silver. Star and Poets' Nar¬ 
cissii, Von Sions, and sweet-scented Gardenia 
flowered Narcissii. 
SPECIAL OCTOBER OFFER 
We send a carefully selected Blend of all these 
PREPAID to your Home. 
25 100 1.000 
SI.00 $3.00 $25.00 
Our Fall Bulb Book lists all Bulbs for Garden 
and House culture. Hyacinths, Crocus, Tulips, 
Iris. Lilies. Paeonias, Rare Specialties, etc. 
Tells you HOW to keep your home radiant with 
flowers through Winter. 
Fragrant Narcissii, blooming in 8 to 10 weeks in 
OUR PREPARED MOSS FIBRE 
Little trouble, small outlay. Great pleasure. 
(See picture taken from photo.) 
We offer for Bowl Culture 
12 Silver white and 6 Golden Narcissii 
18 BULBS FOR $1.00, PREPAID 
Send for Fall Bulb Book. You will like it. 
H. H. BERGER & CO. 
70 Warren Street New York 
Interior Decorations and Furnishings 
Lacquer and 
mahogany cabi¬ 
net on stand, 
with gilt brass 
mounts. Direc- 
toire style merg¬ 
ing into Empire. 
French Tables and Seating Furniture 
(Continued from page 98) 
The legs might be straight, quadrangu¬ 
lar and tapered, cabriole, or scrolled. 
When there were stretchers, they were 
generally either recessed and shaped, 
or else arranged in saltire fashion, and 
they might be either rising or straight. 
These console tables, often of consid¬ 
erable length, were intended to stand 
against the wall. They were oblong in 
shape, bore more or less ornamentation 
on the framing and frequently had 
marble tops. In not a few instances 
they served as sideboards. 
(5) Writing tables, which became in¬ 
creasingly numerous from the middle 
of the century onward, were oblong 
in shape, usually had drawers in the 
framing and might have straight, ca¬ 
briole, or scroll legs. The most fully 
developed form of writing table—a 
form belonging to the Louis XIV era— 
had "knee-hole” space in the middle to 
accommodate the sitter, or the sitters 
at either side, and several tiers of draw¬ 
ers at each end. Beneath the drawers 
were legs, four at each end, set in the 
manner shown in the illustration. For 
a library writing table this design, 
which can be varied in size, has never 
been improved upon. 
(6) The small tables or stands, which 
increased in number and diversity of 
uses towards the end of the century, 
in general design followed the types 
already noted. 
Seating Furniture 
Seating furniture of the 16th Century 
consisted of nine principal types: 
(1) Bancs. 
(2) Chayeres. 
(3) Wainscot or panelled-back. 
(4) Cacqueteuse seats. 
(5) Upholstered high-backed. 
(6) X seats. 
(7) Escabeaux. 
(8) Banquettes. 
(9) Stools. 
(1) The banc or high-backed bench 
with arms was a survival from medie¬ 
val times. The space between seat 
and floor was closed, paneled and 
carved; the back was paneled and 
carved; and the seat was ordinarily 
hinged to lift up so that the space 
beneath could be used as a chest. It 
corresponded with the Italian cassa 
banca and was the 16th Century sub¬ 
stitute for a sofa. 
(2) The chayere was a high-backed, 
paneled and carved seigneurial seat, and 
was virtually the same thing as the 
banc except that it was intended for 
one sitter whereas the banc would ac¬ 
commodate three or four. 
(3) The wainscot or paneled-back 
chair was substantially identical with 
the wainscot chair of England. Even 
the motifs of carved decoration were 
virtually the same. This type occurred 
both with and without arms. The 
space beneath the seat was sometimes 
filled in with paneling and used as a 
small chest. 
(4) The cacqueteuse seat was a high- 
backed armchair whose peculiarities wilt 
best be understood from the illustra¬ 
tion. 
(5) The armchairs with high, up¬ 
holstered backs and upholstered seats 
closely resembled the Italian armchairs 
of the same period. The legs were 
straight and joined by stretchers, the 
seats were rectangular and covered 
with velvet or some similar rich ma¬ 
terial, the arms were straight, and the 
backposts were surmounted by carved 
finials rising several inches above the 
rectangular padded back. 
(6) X seats corresponded to the 
Italian so-called “Savonarola” chairs 
and ordinarily had a back, although in 
some cases the back was wanting. 
(7) Under the heading of escabeaux 
are included the upholstered armless 
chairs, either with straight turned legs, 
backposts and spindles, or with paneled 
and moderately carved backs. 
(8) Banquettes were long backless 
benches or forms with turned or carved 
legs and stretchers. 
(9) The ninth classification of seating 
furniture comprehends a great variety 
of stools which, however, closely cor¬ 
responded with the chief types of con¬ 
temporary chairs. 
Seating furniture of the 17th Century 
showed a marked development in com¬ 
fort and elegance of design, while two 
of the earlier forms—bancs and cac¬ 
queteuse chairs—became practically ob¬ 
solete. 
I7th Century Type 
(1) One characteristic type of arm¬ 
chair, especially associated with the era 
of Louis XIII, had a high rectangular 
upholstered back, upholstered seat, 
straight scroll-curved arms, scroll- 
curved legs back and front, and scrolled 
recessed stretcher. 
(2) A second characteristic uphol¬ 
stered type had an arched or shaped 
back, showing Portuguese influence, and 
cabriole or straight legs with stretchers. 
(3) A third common type had a high 
rectangular upholstered back, uphol¬ 
stered seat, straight upholstered arms, 
quadrangular straight legs and saltire 
stretchers. 
(4) Less ponderous was a Louis XIV 
upholstered type with high rectangular 
back, straight scroll-curved arms, canted 
cabriole legs with hinds’ feet, and 
shaped saltire stretchers. 
(Continued on page 102) 
