102 
House & Garden 
The most beautiful 
possession with which 
the home is adorned 
r J"'HE mechanism in the Kranich 
& Bach Player Grand Piano 
is not of the usual clumsy kind to mar its graceful lines. 
It produces all the loveliness of tone possible to hand 
playing and even a child can play it entertainingly. 
These are the motives that impel the selection of the 
MRANICHS’BACH 
Qrand PlAN O 
famous throughout the world in actual musical quality. 
KRANICH & BACH - , 
235 East 23rd Street Sent of" 
Harlem: 16 West 125th St. Request. 
NEW YORK CITY 
Convenient 
Terms of 
Payment. 
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Attractive Catalog on request 
F. E. MYERS & BRO. 
No. 190 Orange St. Ashland, Ohio , 
Charm and Comfort 
THE BIGGEST THINGS TO AT- I 
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1 South Clinton Street, CHICAGO | 
French Tables and Seating Furniture 
(Continued from page 100) 
(5) There was also an armchair with 
caned seat and back, the frame of the 
back, the scrolled legs and stretchers 
carved, or carved and turned, and the 
whole composition closely resembling 
the "Restoration'’ chair type in Eng¬ 
land. 
(6) Likewise there was an armless 
caned chair with Flemish scroll legs 
and caned back with carved, oval¬ 
shaped frame. 
(7) Another type of caned armchair 
had a shaped back, slightly cabriole legs, 
and stretchers. 
(8) Long sofas with high rectangu¬ 
lar or shaped backs corresponded in 
design with the most important of the 
foregoing types of upholstered chairs. 
(9) Stools and banquettes likewise 
followed the same types of design. 
The Materials Used 
The materials used for seating furni¬ 
ture in the 16th and 17th Centuries 
were chiefly oak and walnut. In addi¬ 
tion to these staples, chestnut was em¬ 
ployed to some extent and also several 
of the less durable woods, especially if 
the surface was to be covered with 
painting or gliding. The rarer woods 
that were largely brought in during the 
17th Century were confined, for the 
most part, to cabinet work and did not 
appreciably affect seating furniture. 
Towards the end of the 16th Century 
and in the early years of the 17th Cen¬ 
tury, the use of upholstery fabrics in¬ 
creased to a hitherto unprecedented 
extent—so much so, in fact, that in 
many cases the legs, stretchers and arms, 
or parts of the arms, were the only 
wooden parts visible. For tables in 
the 16th Century the woods already 
mentioned were chiefly used; in the 
17th Century marble for table tops must 
be added to the list of materials, and 
the Louis XIV period was par ex¬ 
cellence the age of carved and gesso- 
coated gilt wood. In addition to the 
resplendent 17th Century gilding, we 
find some of the more unusual woods 
used for tables, especially in the mat¬ 
ter of inlay and marqueterie. Boule 
work of tortoise shell with brass and tin 
inlay was likewise employed for tables 
as well as for cabinet work. 
Characteristics of Contour 
The general characteristics of contour, 
so far as tables and seating furniture 
are concerned, show the prevailing rec¬ 
tilinear influence of the 16th Century 
with the curvilinear trend prevalent 
about 1600. Legs and stretchers, and 
chair arms and back-shapings as well, 
were the sensitive features that recorded 
the sequence of variations. We find 
many legs, especially from about the 
beginning of the 17th Century, consist¬ 
ing either of continuous scrolls or of 
scrolls containing a series of interrupted 
curves. For both tables and seating 
furniture stretchers were almost invari¬ 
ably used till near the very end of the 
17th Century. 
Of the decorative processes common¬ 
ly employed, carving was the most im¬ 
portant throughout the entire epoch. 
From the latter part of the 16th Cen¬ 
tury onward, turning also fulfilled an 
important decorative role. During the 
16th Century inlay came into vogue 
and continued throughout the 17th. For 
this purpose contrasting and vari-col- 
ored woods were used; in the 17th Cen¬ 
tury Boule tables with their veneer of 
tortoise shell displayed elaborate inlay 
of brass or tin enriched by engraving. 
Marqueterie also was used for tables. 
Painting or pointing and parcel gilding 
constantly appeared. Full gilding on 
elaborately carved and gesso-coated 
grounds adorned both tables and seat¬ 
ing furniture, but especially the for¬ 
mer, in the Louis XIV period. Towards 
the end of the 17th Century lacquer also 
came into high favor. 
Decorative Motifs 
During the 16th and 17th Centuries, 
at one time or another, we find the 
following decorative motifs much in 
evidence—acanthus leaves, foliage, fruit, 
flowers, foliated scrolls, strapwork, 
Romayne work or heads in medallions, 
amorini and other human figures, ani¬ 
mal forms and mythological creatures, 
grotesques, masques, cartouches, ga- 
drooning, Vitruvian scrolls, swags and 
drops, and arabesques. During the 
Louis XIV period sun rays, masques, 
reticulated diaperings and heavy folia¬ 
tions were especially conspicuous and 
likewise the arabesques and semi-Chin¬ 
ese motifs employed so much in the 
designs of Berain. 
During the 16th Century and the be¬ 
ginning of the 17th, the mounts on 
table drawers were good and consistent 
but not conspicuous; during the height 
of the Louis XIV period purely orna¬ 
mental metal mounts, oftentimes of 
highly elaborate design, were applied 
to the legs of the more imposing tables. 
Plants Useful for Attracting Fruit- 
Eating Birds 
(Continued jrom page 96) 
Nothing surpasses mulberries for al¬ 
luring birds away from the early orchard 
fruits. Early bearing varieties should be 
planted in numbers and some should be 
selected for the length of the fruiting 
season. The Hicks and the Black Per¬ 
sian are notable in the latter respect, 
while the Townsend is earliest for the 
South and the Russian will take its place 
in the North. 
Where it is desired to attract birds 
and afford them a sanctuary at all sea¬ 
sons, a large variety of plants must be 
used. For this purpose thickets of 
shrubs and other low growths are better 
than trees, since tangles of bushes and 
vines afford a more secure retreat from 
bird enemies and are the favorite cover 
of many species. 
Where birds occur in large numbers 
their enemies are sure to congregate. 
Hence grounds especially designed to at¬ 
tract birds should also be furnished with 
devices to insure security from cats and 
other predatory animals. Fences made 
proof against climbing invaders by over¬ 
hanging wire netting are essential, and 
inverted funnel-shaped metal guards or 
loose spirals of barbed wire should be 
placed around the trunks of nest trees to 
protect the occupants. Bird houses of 
various types add to the possibilities of 
bird gardens, and a never-failing supply 
of water is an essential. The basin 
should be shallow, so as to serve both 
for bathing and drinking, and should be 
placed in an open lawn or elevated so 
that birds resorting to it will not be at 
the mercy of enemies. Assured safety 
and a plentiful supply of food and 
drink will work wonders in attracting 
birds. 
