September, 1915 
HOUSE AND GARDEN 
57 
will not be establishing an undesirable 
precedent if he does assist in getting the 
vegetables ready and putting them into 
tin cans or glass jars — either of which can 
be used successfully with this method — 
preparatory to the real work of canning. 
The vegetables can be placed whole in the 
cans or jars, or they can be cut into any 
desirable forms, and then “processed,” or 
steamed, for one to four hours, according 
to the amount of heat which may be main¬ 
tained and the vegetable or fruit being put 
up. One hour is sufficient for most things, 
even with an ordinary boiler. With a reg¬ 
ular canning outfit, which is not expensive 
and will prove to be a good investment 
in connection with every garden of any 
size, labor and time will be reduced to a 
minimum. But perfectly satisfactory re¬ 
sults can be obtained without adding any¬ 
thing to your regular kitchen equipment 
except a false bottom for the boiler in 
which the process of sterilizing is done. 
This can be made in a few minutes from 
heavy, quarter-inch mesh-wire screening, 
cut the right shape and bent down for 
about an inch about the edges, and sup¬ 
ported by two or three cross-pieces of 
wood an inch thick. 
In work in the garden, now, the scuffle- 
hoe will have to be substituted for the 
wheel-hoe in working among the root 
crops whose tops have pretty well filled 
up the spaces between the rows. Weeds 
that have been neglected and have become 
tough and woody at the roots cannot well 
be chopped off with the hoe, and pulling 
them up often does a good deal of injury 
to the surrounding crops, to say nothing 
of the amount of work which it requires. 
A good method of handling these unde¬ 
sirable citizens is to use an old hatchet, 
which should, however, be sharpened up 
for the occasion. The weeds should be 
bent over and cut as low down as pos¬ 
sible, preferably slightly below the surface, 
and the tops burned as soon as they are 
dry enough. An hour’s work of this kind 
will probably save you a good many hours 
of weed-pulling next season — but it will 
also convince you that it is much easier 
to remove weeds when they are small, 
even though they may not be growing di¬ 
rectly in tbe rows in your garden. 
If you have a cellar for storing winter 
vegetables, it should be thoroughly cleaned 
out and whitewashed now. This can be 
done on a rainy day; but if no rainy day 
is forthcoming, do not neglect to attend 
to it on a sunny one. If bins are used, 
they should be overlooked and repaired 
where necessary and all rat holes should 
be stopped up with cement in which broken 
glass has been mixed in sufficient quantity, 
so that there will be a piece every quarter 
of an inch or so. A supply of barrels, 
crates and boxes should also be obtained 
at this time. Get your grocer to save them 
for you; if you wait until later, you may 
find it impossible to get them just when 
you need them. 
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Study the photographs shown here. Note that 
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