Picturesque English Cottages and Their Doorway Gardens 
effect. The window-tax diminished their 
number. An old house, Ockwells, in Berk¬ 
shire, has a very interesting set of these win¬ 
dows which are glazed with heraldic glass, 
and Hardwick Hall is popularly described: 
“ Hardwick Hall, 
More glass than wall.” 
The square compartments formed by the 
upright and horizontal timbers of a cottage 
naturally formed a good framework for a 
great store of glass, and the ruins of the 
villas of luxurious Romans reveal broken 
sheets of window glass which show traces of 
staining in brilliant colors. Aubrey tells 
us that “Glass windows, except in churches 
and gentlemen’s houses, were rare before 
the time of Henry VIII. In my own remem¬ 
brance, before the Civil Wars, copy holders 
and poor people had none in Herefordshire, 
Monmouthshire and Salop: it is so still.” 
HOUSE NEAR EORI.OCK 
window, and were so utilized But the size 
of these squares was not large, and subse¬ 
quently larger frames were inserted. Old 
houses have always very small windows. 
This is partly accounted for by the closeness 
of the timber framing, and also by the scarcity 
and cost of glass. Glass was extensively 
used in England in the time ol the Romans. 
The excavations at Silchester have revealed 
The old name “window” discloses this lack 
of glass; it is the eye, or opening, for the 
wind, and was originally constructed more 
for the admission of air than ol light. Some¬ 
times, horn was used in lieu of glass. There 
is an old account among the MSS. preserved 
at Loseley House, Surrey, of the time of 
Henry VIII., which has several items rela¬ 
ting to horn for windows. Thus we read, “a 
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