THE WORLD’S WARSHIPS. 
157 
The armour of the redoubt and turret is 13 inches and 12 inches. 
Behind the turret is a high, superstructure similar to that of our own 
vessels, like the Rupert or Glatton, from which is a signal pole as a 
mast. The funnel is large, oblong, and almost exactly amidships, 
with a cup-like or protruding rim round the top of it. As the distance 
between the guns in the turret is greater than the breadth of the 
superstructure, it was intended to be able to fire right aft. This was 
tried in 1884, but blew away a considerable part. The turret can 
turn round the 360° in 50 seconds. The freeboard is only three feet— 
the redoubt is six feet six inches in height. The hurricane deck, 
though only eight feet wide, is very high and projects, and has a small 
secondary armament. 
Following the Tonnerre came the Fulminant, sufficiently similar to 
be termed a sister. Then the Furieux, with armour increased to 18 
inches amidships on the belt, and with the redoubt replaced by the 
ship’s sides, being carried up, so as to give greater freeboard. The 
single turret was replaced by two pear-shaped barbette towers. The 
superstructure was no longer needed, and a hurricane deck was raised 
to but very little above the towers. There is a single military mast, 
with a round funnel just before it, and a very large and prominent 
ventilating shaft behind. 
She has a single 34 cm 48-ton gun in each barbette. This ship 
formed one of the French fleet at Portsmouth. She can steam 14 
knots, and has a coal endurance of 1400 knots at 10-knot speed. The 
steel deck is over three inches thick. 
Of the second-class Gardes-cotes, but three exist. The Tempete 
and Vengeur are sister ships, very like the Tonnerre both in design and 
appearance, though 1200 tons less displacement; they are the same 
length and breadth, but draw only 17 feet of water instead of 21 feet. 
The former has the same guns as the Tonnerre, the latter carries two 
48-ton, like the Furieux. I don’t think they could be distinguished 
from the first group. The Tonnant resembles the Furieux, and has 
the same armament, but having her funnel right amidships serves to 
mark her. 
The 1872 programme naturally got modified as years passed by, it 
will be convenient to take a review of the armoured fleet as far as we 
have got, placing the remainder in a third or modern period. 
It will be remembered that we carried on but seven ships from the 
first period, viz. : —The Ocean, Marengo, Suffren, Friedland, Richelieu, 
Colbert, and Trident. Of these only the Friedland was an iron ship. 
SECOND PERIOD. 
Line-of-Battleships.—First Class. 
1st Group. —Redoubtable, Devastation, and Courbet. 
2nd Group .—Admiral Duperre, Admiral Baudin, and Formidable. 
Second Class. 
1st Group. —Yictorieuse, La Galissonniere, and Triompliante. 
2nd Group. —Duguesclin. Yauban, Turenne, and Bayard. 
