168 
THE WORLD'S WARSHIPS. 
being to tbe stern. Here are three barbettes, one at the stern and 
two in line at the bow end. The rest of the ship is then built up with 
unarmoured ends, not, indeed, quite flush with the top of these bar¬ 
bettes, but within 18 inches of it. In the centre, between the pair of 
barbettes at the bow end and the single barbette at the stern, is a 
superstructure similar to Peter the Great. In each barbette are two 
12-inch 50-ton B.L.B. guns. Thus she can fire four guns right ahead 
and two astern. There is a secondary armament of seven 6-inch guns 
which are cn the main deck outside the citadel; they fire out of 
recessed ports, four in the bow, two in the stern, one uncertain. The 
Sinope has her secondary armament in sponsons instead. 
They have each two large funnels fore and aft amidships, and a 
single military mast with one fighting top, except the Sinope, which 
has two. 
They stand well out the water, the fore barbettes projecting over 
the sides. The barbette guns of the Tchesma and the Catherine II. 
are not seen, being on disappearing carriages. Those of the Sinope 
are visible. The Twelve Apostles—Dvenadsat Apostoloff—was 
launched in 1890, but is not yet completed. She is 320 feet long, 60 
feet beam, 8000 tons displacement. Like our modern ships, and 
unlike any of the French, her belt will only extend over 220 feet of 
her length, L5 feet above the water, five feet below, 14 inches thick 
abreast of the engines and boilers, 12 inches thick before and abaft 
them. The protective deck over the unarmoured 'ends is 2*5 inches 
thick, elsewhere two inches. Above the belt and eight feet shorter is 
a citadel six feet high, armour 12 inches. Above this again the 
battery, which is eight feet nine inches high, armour six inches thick. 
She has two turrets; the armament does not appear to be yet finally 
fixed. 
There are two other first-class line-of-battleships building, the 
Gheorghy Pobyedonosets, of 10,000 tons, and the Hango-Udd, but 
little is known of them. 
It is devoutly to be wished that some authority could lay down 
certain definitions as to what constitutes a line-of-battleship, first and 
second-class, an armoured cruiser, etc. 
Whether the following vessels should be shown as second-class 
battleships or cruisers seems most uncertain. 
The Bussians have always shown themselves most active in this 
form of vessel, as Lord Brassey points out, horizontal armour for such 
craft they will not look at—the belted cruiser of large size and heavily 
armed is their beau ideal. 
The first of this class is the Minim. She was constructed as a 
rigged turret-ship, but owing to the loss of the Captain she was 
altered completely. She is 289 feet long, 49 feet beam, and 5800 
tons displacement. She has a belt seven feet high, seven inches and 
six inches thick, with a metal deck on the belt one inch thick. On 
the upper deck are eight 6-inch as broadside guns, and four 6-inch 
9-ton gun in sponsons, while there are four more 6-inch guns in 
embrasure ports on bows and quarters, besides 12 Q.Fs. She is 
