303 
NOTES OF LEOTIJ^f^ 5 ' 
ok | Ai "h ; i ims 
ARTILLERY IN COAST A)&fENCli' 
MAJOR A. C. HANSARD, RA. 
(Instructor of Gunnery ). 
The following notes of a course of lectures are published in the hope 
that they may be found useful. The lectures were based on the 
instructions contained in the “ Provisional Manual of Tactical Working 
of Coast Artillery/’ and other official publications. In addition great 
use has been made, in that part of them relating to fire tactics, of 
“ Fortification,” by Major Clarke, R.E., “ Brassey’s Naval Annual,” 
various papers published in R.A.I. “ Proceedings,” &c. 
PART I. 
In these lectures it is proposed to consider the arrangements which 
have to be made and the methods which are adopted to secure the 
efficiency of the artillery of a coast fortress to repel attacks by sea. 
The very important branches of the general subject of coast defence, 
which include submarine mining and the employment of coast defence 
vessels to aid the artillery defence are not treated of, as not falling 
within our province as gunners. In considering how best to employ 
the guns of a coast fortress the following questions present them¬ 
selves :— 
(a.) What preliminary arrangements must be made in order that 
an effective fire may be opened at the right moment, and 
maintained until its object is accomplished ? 
(b.) By which fort or guns should each of the enemy’s ships be 
attacked ? at what part of the ship should the fire be 
directed ? and with what projectiles ? 
(<?.) How shall we ascertain the correct elevation and direction in 
order that the projectiles may hit the right spot ? in other 
words, how shall we control the trajectory ? And, lastly, 
(cl.) How shall we ensure that the results of successive rounds 
shall be consistent ? in other words, that there shall be no 
irregularity in the shooting due to preventible causes ? 
The answers to question (a) we consider under “ Organisationthe 
7 . VOL. XIX. 41 
