5 
for use (except the regulation for time), without any danger of premature ex¬ 
plosion. 
2°—The fuze should be at zero, to admit of the projectile being used without 
preparation as case shot by bursting a few yards from the muzzle (Moch objects 
to this condition and gives reasons). 
3°—The fuze should be double-action, and it should be possible to prevent the 
action by time in the simplest manner without any chance of error. 
4°—The liquid employed should have no contact with the atmosphere. 
5°—The elevation of the surrounding temperature should have no effect on 
the fuze except on the air enclosed with the liquid. 
6°—Atmospheric conditions should at all times have the same effect on the 
duration of the fuze’s action as on the projectile during its flight. 
7°—The fuze should act without modifying the weight of the projectile during 
its flight; the liquid should not therefore flow out of the latter. 
8°—The liquid should move in canals symmetrically situated as regards the 
axis of the shell to ensure equal distribution of weight round the axis. 
9°—Up to the point of loading it should be possible to modify the time action 
of the fuze or nullify it for percussion action. 
10°—It should be possible at any time to verify the correct action of the fuze. 
The General declares finally that he has solved all the above difficult problems, 
and only defers the description of his system in detail until such time as he shall 
have secured it by patent. 
Carriages. 
The General’s gun carriage equipped weighs about 10£ cwt. The width 
between the wheels is five feet, as in existing German carriages. He has lowered 
the axis of the trunnions four inches, namely, from 3 feet 9 inches to 3 feet 
5 inches. He has therefore lowered the centre of gravity, augmented the 
stability and increased the relative strength of the carriage for withstanding the 
shock of discharge, admitting therefore of a reduction of weight, but causing a 
slight diminution in the angle of the trail, viz., from 33° to 30°. The existing 
German gun carriage admits of a maximum elevation of 16° being given. The 
General’s arrangement reduces this to 12°. This admits of practice exceeding 
5000 yards. Beyond that, says the General, there will be time to dig a hole for 
the trail. The General allows nothing to be attached to the gun carriage but 
what is required for the service of the gun, no tools or implements except a fuze 
key, a tangent scale, and a practice scale, no rammer and no axletree seats, pro¬ 
vision being made for four gunners to ride on the limber. 
The model of the carriage is one recently patented by the Griison Factory 
(Fig. 1). 
Fig. 1. 
1 
e 
708 
