PRUNED RIGHT THEY PRODUCE RESULTS 
5 
NUMBER OF TREES OR PLANTS TO AN ACRE 
Method Method 
Square Triangle 
Equilateral 
1 ft. apart each way, No. plants. 43,560 50,300 
2 “ 44 “ “ “ “ 10,890 12,375 
3 “ 44 44 44 “ “ 4,840 5,889 
4 44 41 “ “ 44 44 2,722 3,130 
5 44 44 44 44 44 “ 1,742 2,011 
6 44 44 44 “ 44 “ 1,210 1,397 
7 44 44 “ “ 44 w 807 928 
8 “ 44 “ 44 44 44 680 785 
9 44 44 “ 44 “ 44 537 620 
10 44 “ 44 44 “ “ 435 502 
12 44 “ 44 44 “ 44 302 348 
14 44 44 “ “ 44 44 222 256 
15 “ 44 44 44 44 ** 193 222 
16 44 “ 44 44 44 44 170 195 
18 44 44 44 “ 44 44 134 154 
20 44 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 44 109 1 25 
22 44 44 44 44 44 “ . 90 104 
24 4 4 44 4 4 4 4 4 4 44 . 7 5 86 
25 44 44 44 44 44 44 . 69 . 79 
30 44 44 44 44 44 44 48 55 
35 44 44 44 44 44 44 35 40 
4 0 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 44 . 2 7 31 
50 44 “ “ 44 4 4 44 18 2 0 
RULE—Square Method —Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by 
the distance the plants are apart in the rows, and the product will be the num¬ 
ber of square feet for each plant or hill, which, divided into the number of feet 
in an acre (43,560), will give the number of plants or trees to the acre. 
RULE]—Equilateral Triangle Method —Divide the number required to the 
acre “square method” by the decimal .866. The result will be the number o f 
plants required to the acre by this method. 
Fruit Department 
APPLES 
Taking .into consideration its adaptability to the many localities, productive¬ 
ness and commercial value, the apple takes the front rank among the popular 
and leading varieties of fruits. It is true that varieties of apples are variable 
as to locality but nevertheless a great many sorts adapt themselves to great 
extremes of soil and climatic conditions. In the hot interior valleys, apple cul¬ 
ture is of little consequence commercially, yet there are varieties that are suit¬ 
able for planting in the San Joaquin and Sacramento valleys for home use and 
the trees will bear and produce regular and abundant crops. The home of the 
apple, in California, is in the coast counties and in the ranges of the Sierra 
Nevada Mountains, and in these localities are found the large commercial 
orchards. 
The soil best adapted for this fruit is a deep, rich loam, which allows free¬ 
dom in root growth and in which there is no danger of excessive sub-irrigation 
and a standing high water level. Light, sandy soils should be avoided. Obser¬ 
vations prove that apples grown in the mountainous regions have better keep¬ 
ing qualities and are more highly colored and flavored than those grown in the 
interior valleys. 
In the descriptions of the varieties which will follow will be found informa¬ 
tion giving the locality in which each individual variety attains its highest 
perfection. 
Apple trees should be planted from 25 to 35 feet apart in regular orchard 
form, and when planted should be cut back to 18 inches from the top of the 
ground, except when planted in the high altitudes where there is danger of 
the branches being broken by the snow settling, such trees should be headed 
at three feet from the ground. It is very important to have the soil in good, 
friable condition before planting. The same should be plowed twice and bar- 
