CO 
This mine is extensively worked, about fifteen tons being 
hourly delivered on shipboard. 
“ The mineral resources of Washington Territory are already 
known to be considerable; coal, iron, copper, lead, gold and 
silver are known to exist. Puget Sound valley is the great coal 
basin of the Pacific, coal having already been discovered in large 
quantities in divers localities, and of better quality*tlian else¬ 
where upon that coast. The value of these coal deposits, and 
their influence upon the future manufactures and the internal 
and external commerce of the Pacific slope, cannot yet be fully 
appreciated. All will concede that they are powerful elements 
of ultimate wealth and prosperity.” Garfield . 
The u forests primeval ” fringing Puget Sound have obtained 
celebrity. The cedars and fir trees nurtured in those regions 
are “ tall and majestic.” The most powerful nations of the 
earth obtain spars for their war vessels on our shores. Much of 
this timber is manufactured and exported; vast quantities are 
used in San Francisco in constructing buildings, wharves and 
other structures ; it is generally used in repairing and building 
water craft, for which it is well adapted. u The timber which 
covers a large proportion of the surface of western Washington, 
constitutes a present and increasing element of wealth and pros¬ 
perity. The most valuable kinds are fir, cedar, pine and maple. 
No one, whose experience and observation has been confined to 
the Atlantic slope of the continent, can form any conception of 
the magnificence of our forests, remarkable alike for their ex* 
tent, size of the trees, and the number standing within a given 
area. The fir predominates over all others in size, number and 
usefulness. Fir trees, six, seven and eight feet in diameter, and 
more than 800 feet high are not uncommon. These, however, 
are too large to be cut into lumber profitably. The size preferred 
by mill-men is from thirty to forty inches in diameter; trees 
of this size usually afford from 70 to 200 feet in length of trunk, 
free from limbs or damaged parts. The cedar attains a diame¬ 
ter equal to the fir, but is not usually so tall; pines and oaks 
are much smaller. Land affording 30,000 feet, of lumber to the 
acre is considered hardly worth cutting over; forests yielding 
100,000 feet and upwards to the acre are common.” — Garfield. 
Water-power. The mountain ranges on both sides of the 
sound usher forth several torrents, which, in rushing through 
rocky gulches, afford plenty water-power. The Des-Chutes 
