House and Garden 
hottensis variety thrives well in dry soil and both are of free growth. 
The shrubs of the oleaster family are all readily propagated either 
from cuttings, seeds or suckers and as they have begun to interest 
gardeners it will not be long, for their praises are already in the 
air, when they will be very much better appreciated and more 
widely cultivated. 
The barberries are a class of shrubs so well known as to 
require but little description. North America is not their original 
habitat, nor do they make claim to have come over in the May¬ 
flower or the Speedwell though they are early settlers. Just 
what part of the world they did spring from no one has the temerity 
to assert though their botanical and common names have been 
traced to Arabia. They have thrived here in their adopted 
country and having escaped from civilizing restrictions many 
flourish in unconventional serenity in New England woods and 
roadsides where “hang their tufts of crimson berries.” They 
reach their greatest beauty when cultivated and are of about one 
hundred species. Most of the deciduous varieties are hardy and 
the evergreens are recommended for temperate regions though they 
thrive very far north when planted in sheltered positions. 
Berbens Thunbergu and amurensis are among the handsomest 
varieties in scarlet fruit, that hang on the branches all winter and 
gleam amid the new spring buds far into April. Of the many 
ornamental barberries, the most attractive varieties are alba, 
white; lutea, yellow; and nigra, black-fruited; while Berbens 
Wallichiana and violaceo are most unusual by reason of their 
violet-colored berries which give them singular interest. Another 
species described as looking like a holly, fruiting like a Concord 
grape and belonging to the barberries is the Mahonia. Ever¬ 
green in their native Oregon, the varieties aquifolia and Japomca 
are only sub-evergreen in the latitude of New York and Boston, 
though quite hardy. The fruit is edible, quail and other birds are 
attracted by it, and brilliant in foliage and rich in winter berries 
there is no more beautiful class of shrubs to cultivate for hedges 
and groups than is to be found among the barberries. A numerous 
variety of shrubs known as Pernettyas or prickly heaths are about 
the showiest and most useful of dwarf, berry-bearing evergreens. 
Of bushy habit, hardy and easy to cultivate, it is strange that this 
group of plants should be so neglected in gardens, for they are also 
surprisingly attractive in the various shades of their colored fruits, 
and if any one, on whom the spell of the garden has fallen, will 
fare forth in quest of other berry shrubs, not neglecting the warn¬ 
ing to be cautious and canny, he will return with the spoils of a 
conqueror for there are many luring and beautiful varieties still 
awaiting conquest. 
The Scarlet Thorn 
BY E. P. POWELL 
HE double scarlet thorn, like all the thorns, will thrive in 
apple soil. They prefer clay soil, and they like to be well 
mulched, only do not put any manure around the roots. You 
may top dress with stable cleanings, but better with a plenty of 
old leaves, renewed every year. Over these leaves 1 would 
spread liberally a quantity of coal ashes — from anthracite 
coal. 
Eungus, which attacks it after blooming, can be prevented with 
early and thorough spraying with bordeaux mixture. The 
thorns are all slightly irregular in their method of growth, and 
very much like to be dwarfed. If you care to dwarf this or 
any other tree cut it down and allow the suckers to start. Then 
eliminate the weaker suckers, until you have a group of half a 
dozen strong ones. Nearly every orange tree in Florida, from 
which you get your winter’s supply, is a dwarf made by cutting 
down old orange trees to the ground, and grafting several 
suckers. The result is a tree spreading about fifteen feet and 
of the same height loaded with bloom in February and fruit in 
the autumn. 
The Famous Busch Gardens 
The Evolution of Barren Hillsides and Rocky 
Canyons Into Velvety Lawns and Ter¬ 
races, Miniature Lakes and Spark¬ 
ling Fountains. The Magic 
Wrought with Money 
BY ALVICK A. PEARSON 
F IVE thousand dollars a month is the amount being expended 
by Adolphus Busch, the brewer, for the maintenance of his 
magnificent gardens in Prohibition Pasadena, just what 
these gardens have cost him during the past five years is unknown 
even to Mr. Busch, but a conservative estimate places the figure 
at about $400,000. 
Many people know of these wonderful gardens as “ Busch’s 
Sunken Gardens,” since the location is chiefly at the bottom of the 
arroyo seco, or “dry river bed,” which bounds habitable Pasadena 
FOUNTAIN IN THE BUSCH GARDENS 
on the west. But the gardens are more than that. Pasadena 
attracts many thousands of tourists every year because of the salu¬ 
brity of its winter climate and because of the striking beauty of its 
costly homes and moderate-priced bungalows. But if the exclama¬ 
tions of these winter travelers are to be believed the Crown city of 
Pasadena is likely soon to be known chiefly because of its incom¬ 
parable Busch gardens. 
Some five or six years ago the St. Eouis brewer, Adolphus Busch, 
in his imposing stone palace known as “ Ivy Wall, ” where for three 
or four months each winter he and his family make their home 
at Pasadena, conceived the idea of constructing a wonderful 
garden which should surpass anything of its kind the world over 
and which incidentally would add floral lustre to the Annheuser- 
Busch brand of liquid refreshment. So the money bags were 
loosened up and a famous gardener engaged for the work. 
The gardener was a Scotchman, for some years engaged on 
other local gardens, a man of ability and resourcefulness. He 
undertook the work with considerable trepidation. The lawns 
and trees around “Ivy Wall” were his first care. Then began the 
reclaiming of the jungle-covered hill between the house and the 
bed of the arroyo. Formal terraces and walks were laid out, to 
be covered later with velvety lawn or macadamized as the need 
arose. In the depth of the hollow was planted an exact reproduc- 
t.on in flowers of the great letter “A” with its eagle, the trade-mark 
of the owner’s brew. The walks wind gracefully down from 
the top of the hill. 
Later purchases to the westward provided the opposite slope 
58 
