HOUSE AND GARDEN 
November, 1909 
growth than can be otherwise obtained. Just how to prune in 
a general way may be perplexing to some. The most that is re¬ 
quired in the case of trees and shrubbery is the shortening in of 
the branches regularly, and removing all dead or sickly wood 
from the trees. This process will induce close, even growth 
and preserve the best form to the tree or plant. Always cut 
the branches smoothly from the under side. Pruning which is 
not done now should be done early in the spring before the sap 
starts up. 
The Persian cyclamen is a treasure 
PERSIAN CYCLAMEN for pot growing and furnishes beau¬ 
tiful flowers for winter and spring. 
Each bulb throws out several flower stalks. The foliage is finely 
variegated, making a charming plant for the living-room or the 
window. The color of the flowers range through shades of pink, 
crimson and white. Plants require plenty of air and light, but 
not too much heat. 
When the cool nights blight the 
TUBEROUS-ROOTED foliage of the tuberous-rooted be- 
B EGON I AS gonias, the plants should be dug up, 
the tops removed and the roots 
allowed to dry gradually in a cool, sheltered place. When thor¬ 
oughly dry and ripened, clean off the small rootlets, wrap 
each bulb in soft cotton, and store them in a moderately warm 
place until spring. 
HARDY BULBS 
The Vegetable Garden and Orchard 
There is considerable work now necessary 
TRANSPLANT about the vegetable garden and in the orchard. 
TREES If a shade tree is needed to be set, now is the 
time to transplant it. If a fruit tree is desired, 
put it out now; or if one already out is found to be diseased, re¬ 
move it and replant at this time. Between the falling of the 
leaves and the freezing of the ground is the best time for 
planting trees. 
It is a good plan to rake the top earth for about an inch in 
depth, from around fruit trees and make an application of air- 
slaked lime. Let this remain exposed for about two weeks, then 
replace the top soil and mulch for winter protection. 
Have a general cleaning up about 
DON’T BURN LEAVES the yard and save all leaves instead 
of burning them. I ncorporate these 
with lime and rakings into a compost heap. The compost will 
be found both convenient and useful for broadcasting before 
spading the vegetable garden in the spring. 
Plants of lettuce, cauliflower, cabbage, 
PROTECTION OF etc., that are to winter over for early 
VEGETABLES spring settings should be put into the cold 
frame. 
By giving the lettuce bed protection in the way of a covering 
with an old sheet or straw held above the plants, nice heads of 
lettuce may be had in the open until Christmas. 
Beets, carrots, turnips, celery, and late potatoes should be 
stored in a cool dry cellar for winter use. 
As the beds are cleared of existing crops 
EARLY SPRING they should be thoroughly composted and 
VEGETABLES dug over. Then sow, broadcast or in 
drills, corn salad, kale and spinach, and 
enjoy them for early spring use. 
(Continued on page vi.) 
Shrubs should always be planted in 
ARRANGEMENT OF groups and they should be grown 
SHRUBBERY together in an easy flowing mass. 
They can be grown as a border 
around the lawn, to break sharp corners of the building, or 
to screen unsightly objects. In the general arrangement high- 
growing shrubs should be planted behind the low-growing ones 
unless both sides are exposed to view. In such an instance the 
high-growing ones should be put in the center with low-growing 
ones on both sides. In making a selection harmonize both height 
of plants and colors of bloom, having regard to a succession of 
bloom. Harmo¬ 
nizing in everv 
way, an admira¬ 
ble selection can 
be had from the 
viburnums and 
syringas for the 
largest, the for¬ 
mer blooming in 
June and thelat- 
t e r in May; 
altheas and hy- 
d r a n g e a s for 
medium sizes, 
blooming in 
August and Sep- 
t e nr b e r; f o r- 
sythiaandspirea 
for smaller 
growth, bloom¬ 
ing respectively 
in May and July. 
The shape and 
size of the bed 
can be only a 
matter of per¬ 
sonal choice. 
With this selec¬ 
tion, planted as 
suggested, a period of pleasing bloom running from May to Octo¬ 
ber would not be unreasonable. An article in the last issue tells 
of blooming shrubs in greater variety. 
Take up tuberous-rooted begonias when foliage 
becomes blighted and save them for spring 
Lilies and other 
flowers grown from 
hardy bulbs, which 
are to be left in the 
ground all winter, 
should always be 
planted on beds 
slightly raised 
above the sur¬ 
rounding ground 
to insure proper 
drainage through¬ 
out the year. When 
the tops die down 
cut the stems off 
and cover the beds 
two or three inches 
deep with leaves, 
or long, strawy ma¬ 
nure to [guard 
against sudden 
changes of freezing 
and thawing. 
Protect the lilies and other hardy bulb plants 
with a mulch through the winter 
