March 8, 1913 
FOREST AND STREAM 
309 
St. Augustine F. B. A. 
St. Augustine, Fla., March 3.—The power 
boat races of the St. Augustine Power Boat As¬ 
sociation will be the first of this year under the 
sanction of the American Power Boat Associa¬ 
tion when its new' rules will be tried out. The 
races will begin on March 21. Charles F. Hop¬ 
kins, of the St. Augustine Club, will be in charge 
and he also will manage the three-day regatta 
at Cocoa, Fla., on March 18, 19 and 20. The 
Cocoa regattas also are sanctioned by the na¬ 
tional association, and this association is grow¬ 
ing fast in strength, and it will do much this 
year to improve the sport of motor boat racing. 
It is very probable that some reform is to 
be made in the title of races. So far champion¬ 
ship events have taken place wherever there have 
been motor boat races. Each club or associa¬ 
tion that has been able to offer some valuable 
prize has called it a championship race, and often 
it has been called a world’s championship. The 
result has been that each season there have been 
several world’s champions. It is probable that 
when this matter is taken under discussion, a 
championship for each section will be allowed, 
with the understanding that there can be only 
one race each season for the championship, and 
the governing committee of the section shall 
designate the club to hold the championship 
event. 
For national championships there can be 
only one race in the country each season, and 
that is at present under the auspices of the 
National Association of Engine Boat Manufac¬ 
turers and this year will be held at Put-in-Bay. 
That association offers trophies to be raced for 
each year, one for an international champion¬ 
ship and one for a State championship. These 
prizes are held by the winner for one season 
and then must be defended or returned to the 
association. 
The British international trophy is really 
the only recognized international championship 
event. That contest Arouses an immense amount 
of enthusiasm each season, and this year will 
be no exception. It is possible that a limita¬ 
tion may be placed on the value of prizes of¬ 
fered except in special regattas such as those 
to be held next summer in connection with the 
Commodore Perry celebration, or those to be 
held in connection with the Panama Exposition 
at San Francisco in 1915. 
Yachts Change Hands. 
The Hollis Burgess yacht agency has sold 
the 2S-foot racing sloop Tiger, owned by George 
E. Carroll, of the South Boston Y. C., to Dr. 
B. F. Curtis, of Scarborough-on-the-Hudson, 
New York, who will use her along the Maine 
coast this season; and the 35-foot w’aterline 
cruising yawl Narcissus, owned by Charles O. 
McClintock, of Portland, Me., to Dr. Coleman 
Tousey, of Boston. Also the catboat Twinkle, 
owned by Arthur Perrin, of Brookline, Mass., 
to Frederic Cunningham, of Longwood, Mass. 
Port Washington Y. C. 
The Port Washington Y. C. has adopted a 
new design for its burgee. A predominant white 
star set in a blue background, framed in a red 
triangle makes up the very tasteful flag. The 
authors of the new burgee deserve credit for 
originality and artistic judgment. 
New York C. C. 
The New York Canoe Club is making plans 
for an energetic defense of the international 
challenge cup for which a challenge has been 
received from Ralph B. Britton, of the Gana- 
noque Canoe and Motor Boat Club, and with the 
object of insuring the success of the trial races 
and the cup races to follow, has invited several 
of the most prominent men in the sport to act 
with the regatta committee of the club. An¬ 
nouncement will be soon made of the names of 
those in charge of these events, and full infor¬ 
mation will be given in regard to the conditions 
of the trial races which at a recent meeting of 
the trustees of the New York Canoe Club it 
was decided should be held in connection with 
the Atlantic Division meet at Staten Island if 
agreeable to the Division officers. 
At the annual meeting of the club, sub¬ 
scriptions were opened for two syndicate boats 
to take part in the trial races, and it is ex¬ 
pected with the enthusiasm which the challenge 
has created in canoeing circles that at least 
twenty-five boats will compete in these races. 
Owing to the large number of boats moored 
near the New York Canoe Club, which would 
seriously interfere with laying out a clear course, 
the cup races will probably be held off the 
grounds of the Marine and Field Club during 
the week following the meet, in connection with 
the annual regatta of the New York Canoe Club 
which will include a program of paddling and 
other events. This will enable those who de¬ 
sire to enter to have their boats shipped to the 
New York Canoe Club from Staten Island after 
the close of the meet, and from there direct to 
Sugar Island, which will greatly reduce the ex¬ 
pense of transportation. 
Winona C. C. 
Winona, Minn., Feb. 27.— A canoe club, with 
twenty-five members, was organized here to-night. 
The club will be affiliated with the A. C. A., 
comprising clubs at St. Paul, Minneapolis and 
Duluth. William G. Cartlich, Secretary of the 
Y. M. C. A., is local organizer. The activities 
will be carried on at Lake Winona, an ideal body 
of water for the canoeists, and carnivals will be 
held annually. The club plans to participate in 
the State club’s activities. 
A. C. A. Membership. 
NEW MEMBERS PROPOSED. 
Eastern Division.—George FI. Holland, 49 
Sheridan street, Jamaica Plain, Mass., and James 
C. McFarlane, 6 Dalrymple street, Jamaica Plain, 
Mass., both by Robert F. Kelly. 
Western Division.—Waldemar R. Petersen, 
Dundee, Ill., by T. C. Angell; Joseph L. Gillson, 
706 Forest avenue, Wilmette, Ill., by Arthur E. 
Sunny; Carl G. Gruner, 607 Elm street, Rock¬ 
ford, Ill., by R. E. Penfold; Eugene Miller, 1621 
West Division street, Chicago, Ill., by Henry 
Bergholtz; Edwin H. Tyron, 539 Ryerson avenue, 
Elgin, Ill., by H. L. Boynton. 
NEW MEMBERS ELECTED. 
Atlantic Division.—6612, Howard Adshead, 
1752 Margaret street, Frankford, Philadelphia, 
Pa. 
Central Division.—6610, Joseph A. Banks, 
Clifton Springs, N. Y. 
Western Division.-—Herbert S. Inbusch, 315 
Farwell avenue, Milwaukee, Wis. 
RESIGNATIONS. 
Eastern Division.—5258, Leonard D. Sher¬ 
man, Andover, Mass.; 5712, Leon S. Sanders, 
Auburn, R. 1 . 
How the Sap Rises. 
How the raw sap travels from the absorb¬ 
ing roots beneath the ground to the topmost 
twig on an oak or elm tree, more than one 
hundred feet above, and to nearly four or five 
times that height in the case of some of the 
mammoth gum trees (eucalyptus) of the Tas¬ 
manian forests, and in the gigantic Welling- 
tonia of California, has long puzzled the phy¬ 
sicist to explain. The old idea that capillarity 
is the factor at work, the fluid being conveyed 
up the trunk and branches after the manner of 
oil through the wick of a lamp, becomes an 
altogether inadequate explanation, says the 
Strand. Especially is this so when we realize 
that in some of the internal tissues of the stem 
the pressure exerted reaches from eight to 
twenty atmospheres, or in other words from 
120 to 300 pounds to the square inch—a force 
greater than that in the boiler of a normal rail¬ 
way engine. 
This mighty pressure, scattered more or 
less irregularly through the tissues of the tree, 
drives the sap to the buds and forces them open, 
expands their leaves, and is continually at work 
wherever the process of building new struc¬ 
tures is going on. It is obvious, therefore, that 
the engineering arrangements for the conducting 
and controlling of this powerful stream of life- 
giving sap must be very perfectly organized. 
Indeed, they are more than that; they present 
marvels of mechanical construction which are 
not only astonishing on account of their per¬ 
fection, but are so minute that man can only 
penetrate the mysteries and beauty of their 
structure by means of high-power microscopes 
and careful chemical investigations. Even then 
he is left baffled and wondering. 
