House & Garden 
tb 
of c^usic 
joyous as 
the song of birds, lives in The 
Cheney. Transcendent beauty 
Theviohn-shaped Qf tone, the gift of acoustic 
resonator of The ° 
Cheney adds rare scknce, and consummate art 
quality to its tone. . - . , . , 
in cabinet'-making, give The 
Cheney unique distindtion. 
Cheney tone supremacy rests 
securely upon basic patents 
which cover an entirely orig¬ 
inal application of acoustic 
principles to the problem of 
tone reproduction. 
This master instrument plays 
all records--better than ever 
they were played before.' 
Chemey 
CHENEY TALKING MACHINE COMPANY • CHICAGO 
Dealers Everywhere 
Where the ice box is in the cellar the machinery can be in¬ 
stalled close by. The condensing machinery is connected with 
the cooling coils in the freezing tank. Courtesy of the Mc¬ 
Clellan Refrigerating Machine Co. 
Refrigeration at Home 
{Continued from page S9) 
was resorted to. All these were poor 
expedients and soon gave way to the 
ice box stocked with ice harvested from 
rivers, mill ponds and streams. The 
ice boxes were a great improvement 
but families often kept their ice boxes 
long beyond the limit of good service. 
Ice boxes must be well insulated and 
well stocked with ice in order to pre¬ 
serve a proper cooling of their contents. 
Artificial refrigeration has been one 
of the greatest inventions of our day. 
Through its agency enormous quantities 
of food are transported to remote parts 
and kept fresh in storage for indefinite 
lengths of time. How to apply this 
principle of frigeration to a small com¬ 
pact machine suitable for households 
has been in the minds of inventors for 
years. Much time and money have 
been spent on efforts to produce such a 
machine. 
Refrigeration is generally defined as a 
process of cooling, but since cold is but 
the absence of heat, and dryness is ab¬ 
sence of moisture, refrigeration may be 
more accurately defined as the process 
of extracting heat. Heat is the real en¬ 
tity and when once fortified within the 
walls of matter it is able to resist the 
most strenuous efforts to dislodge it and 
therefore it must be decoyed into leav¬ 
ing the substance from choice. Heat 
can be best coaxed out of a substance 
by placing near it another substance 
materially lower in temperature under 
which condition its tendency is to flow 
from the substance of higher tempera¬ 
ture to that of lower temperature. A 
tumbler of sulphur dioxide or liquid 
ammonia will boil violently just stand¬ 
ing on a table, but you may say that 
no heat is being applied. That is where 
you are wrong—the surrounding air is 
supplying the heat. 
Certain of the small unit systems us¬ 
ing sulphur dioxide or ethyl chloride as 
refrigerant follow this cycle: 
(1) Some liquids boil at extremely 
low temperatures, as for instance sul¬ 
phur dioxide at 14° and ammonia at 
27° below zero. Allow the former to 
boil in copper coils in the brine tank 
by the heat of the surrounding brine 
and produce the desired cold for food 
preserving and ice making. 
(2) Compress the gas thus pro¬ 
duced to a high pressure and tempera¬ 
ture by means of a gas compressor oper¬ 
ated by an electric motor. 
(3) Chill the heated high pressure gas 
by means of water coils in the condenser, 
converting it back into liquid form. 
Many other details must be worked 
out by skilful engineers so that the 
machine will properly function. Thus 
when the temperature inside the box has 
reached the desired low degree, it is 
unnecessary to run the compressor 
longer and it must be automatically 
stopped and water, motor and current 
shut off, thereby preventing waste; con¬ 
versely, when the temperature reaches 
the predetermined upper limit the ma¬ 
chinery must be automatically started. 
In addition to this, a magic little valve 
must be provided which will confine 
the gas until it is properly converted 
into liquid, and will then automatically 
let out just enough of the latter from 
time to time to keep the boiler in the 
brine tank supplied. 
These details are simple enough in 
theory but to make them absolutely de¬ 
pendable, fool-proof and quite satisfac¬ 
tory has been the bane of the engineer’s 
existence for many years. These new 
appliances for the home must work not 
only in the laboratory under skilled 
hands but under all sorts and kinds of 
conditions, and with little care or atten¬ 
tion on the part of the housewife. 
A Characteristic American Dog 
{Continued from page 5S) 
ject to distemper as many other breeds, 
but have to be fed carefully, and if a 
simple diet is strictly followed, the road 
is easy. Dog biscuits, varied by meat 
(beef), thoroughly boiled green vege¬ 
tables and rice given twice a day is a 
healthy diet and will keep a dog in 
excellent condition. 
From long experience with the Boston 
terrier, I have come to the conclusion 
that ‘‘when a feller needs a friend” this 
is the dog he should turn to. He will 
find a dog sensitive to kindness and 
affectionate to a degree—in fact, this is 
his most salient characteristic. He will 
find a friend faithful, steadfast and with 
a sense of humor. An adaptable dog,, 
always ready to romp or reminisce 
quietly before the fire, never quite asleep 
but with one eye on his master, ears 
quivering, alert to anticipate and fall 
in with his every mood. 
Those people who like dogs “in their 
places” arc no fit companions for the 
Boston terrier. Only is the man or 
woman worthy to have him for a friend 
who will honestly pay their debt to him. 
This debt is much more than merely 
the material things of life. Be sure 
you are worthy to pay it, for it is a 
debt of understanding and love, and 
the gift of the heart. 
