106 
House & Garden 
Pitcairn 
FINISHING SPAR 
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For the Garden Beginner 
^Continued from page 104) 
It will pay the home gardener to 
grow certain specialties of which he 
may be fond, and which may be trou¬ 
blesome or expensive to purchase. Okra 
is an example of this class, and little 
beds of parsley, chives, or other herbs 
take up very little room and provide 
the housewife v.'ith additions for her 
table, which are most welcome if they 
can be picked at the right moment with¬ 
out trouble. 
The Garden Diagram 
If the small garden plot, however, is 
to be made to bring the maximum re¬ 
turns in economy and pleasure to the 
owner, every available foot of it must be 
made to work continuously. This can 
be accomplished only by careful plan¬ 
ning, and it is recommended, therefore, 
that a complete lay-out for the garden 
be drawn up in advance on paper. 
This plan, of course, will be of use 
chiefly as an example, and in most 
cases a different arrangement wilt be 
necessary to meet the conditions sur¬ 
rounding individual garden spaces. On 
the plan the gardener may indicate the 
approximate date when each of his pro¬ 
jected crops is to be planted. No more 
space should be alloted to each than is 
needed to furnish a sufficient quantity 
of the vegetable for family consump¬ 
tion or for other known needs. In 
many cases, also, space should be left 
between the rows for the interplanting 
of later crops and for easy cultiva¬ 
tion. Plants which make a high growth 
and cause heavy shade should not be 
located where they will interfere with 
sun-loving small plants. It is well 
also to separate perennials, such as 
rhubarb and asparagus, which are not 
cultivated, from plants which must be 
tilled. 
The Diagram as a Record 
If a garden is planned in this way and 
the scheme carried out, the plan should 
be kept for use the following year, with 
notes of the success or failure of the 
different items in it. For example, if too 
much or too little of any vegetable 
was grown, this fact should be recorded. 
It is not desirable, however, to follow 
too closely the same plan in succeeding 
years. The same kind of vegetables 
should not be grown twice, if this can 
be avoided, in the same part of the 
garden. The danger of attack by dis¬ 
eases and insects is heightened when 
vegetables of the same kind follow 
each other repeatedly in a given space, 
such as a row or bed. If a radically 
different kind of plant is grown in a 
space, on the other hand, disease spores 
and insects, though present in the soil, 
probably will not attack the second 
crop. 
In making a diagram of the garden 
it is well to use a tough paper, such as 
heavy wrapping paper, which will stand 
repeated handling and use out of doors. 
A fairly large scale should be adopted, 
so that full notes can be kept in the 
spaces representing rows. If the garden 
is fairly large or abnormally long, the 
diagram may be made in separate sec¬ 
tions for the sake of convenience. 
Importance of Sunlight 
In making the garden plan the gar¬ 
dener should recognize that no amount of 
fertilizer, watering, and cultivation will 
make up for the absence of sunlight in 
a garden. Careful consideration should 
be given to how many hours a day any 
part of the yard is in shadow from 
buildings, fences, or trees. If a suc¬ 
cessful garden is to be maintained, the 
greater portion of the plot must have 
at least five hours of sunlight a day. 
As a rule foliage crops, such as lettuce, 
spinach, and kale, do fairly well in 
partial shade, but even these need sun¬ 
shine two or three hours a day. Plants 
which must ripen fruits, such as toma¬ 
toes and eggplant, should have the sun¬ 
niest locations. 
Choosing Crops 
Vegetable seed should be ordered in 
advance of the time for planting in 
the open, so that they will be on hand 
for planting in flats or frames and also 
for use outdoors as soon as the weather 
and the condition of the soil make 
planting possible. Before ordering seed 
it is a good idea to look over the 
garden plot, decide on the best loca¬ 
tion for each vegetable, and determine 
how much seed will be required for the 
space available for each variety. The 
garden plan may then be drawn. 
Seed for a Family of Four 
The following are the approximate 
quantities of seed that should be pur¬ 
chased for a garden which is to supply 
vegetables for successive plantings 
throughout the season for a family of 
four: 
Beans, snap . 1 pint 
Beans, pole Lima. ^ pint 
Beans, bush Lima. Yi pint 
Cabbage, early . ounce 
Carrot . 1 ounce 
Celery . 1 ounce 
Cucumber. ounce 
Kale, or Swiss chard. ounce 
Parsnips . ounce 
Salsify . 1 ounce 
Squash, summer. ounce 
Squash, Hubbard type. ounce 
Cauliflower . 1 packet 
Eggplant . 1 packet 
Parsley . 1 packet 
{Continued on page 108) 
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After the surface of the soil has been made fine, it is firmed 
down with the bottom of a glass and the seed planted in 
shallow furrows or “drills" 
