IO 
Sedimentary Formations . 
foliated rocks which belong to the so-called primary epoch. In 
Southern Australia, also, there does not appear to be any con> 
siderable amount of strata which could be referred to this epoch. 
Transmutation has, however, acted vigorously in New South 
Wales. 
Lower Palaeozoic Eocks. 
(Lower and Tipper Silurian.) 
Of these there are undoubted evidences in some limited districts 
of Tasmania and Queensland, whilst in Victoria and New South 
Wales considerable areas are occupied by them. 
Western Australia lias as yet not furnished any fossils of 
Silurian age; but, according to Mr. Y. L. Brown, Government 
Geologist, there are clay slates, schists, and other rocks which 
may be Silurian much transmuted, judging from their position and 
composition. 
The North-west territory is in much the same condition. 
South Australia has furnished two fossils, Pent aments oblongus 
and Cruziana cucurbit a , stated by the Eev. Julian E. T. 'Woods, 
in his account of the Geology of that Colony (p. 20 and 21), as 
belonging to the Silurian epoch. The former occurs in New 
South Wales ; the latter in the Bolivian Andes. 
In Tasmania along the Gordon and Franklin Fivers occur 
various Silurian fossils, some among which identical with those 
of New South A Vales were noticed by me ; but Mr. Gould 
considers others to be Lower Silurian. This formation evidently 
exists in that Colony, for in 1873 1 received from Mr. T. Stevens, 
F.G.S., some Trilobite-sandstone from the western part of the 
Island, which Mr. Etheridge determined for me to contain 
I J ha cops, Oyyyia and Calymenc ; and to these Professor Bradley, of 
the U.S., to whom was forwarded by me some of the rock, has 
added Conocephalites , thus proving the relations of the rock to 
the Potsdam sandstone. 
Mr. Gould mentioned, in June, 1SG0, a Calymenc at the base 
of the Eldon Fange. I found that genus also in New South 
AValcs in 1852. In Victoria Professor M‘Coy has made a list of 
twenty-five Lower and fifty-three Upper Silurian fossils, inclu¬ 
ding in the former twenty-three Hydroid zoophytes, and another 
species belonging to the Upper formation. Of the Graptolitidas 
only one is said to have been found in this Colony, and 1 presume 
that it is more likely to belong to the Upper Silurian than to the 
Lower, though towards the Victorian boundary, along the Deleget 
Fiver, Lower Silurian rocks, according to some, arc supposed to 
make their appearance. 
New South Wales offers a moro determined evidence of the 
existence of certain Silurian deposits, but singularly enough 
nothing has been positively shown of the existence of any fossils 
