New South Wales. 
39 
Nor does the arrangement made of Mr. Keene’s collection 
agree with the actual facts in nature, for the Greta beds arc not the 
uppermost with Marine fossils, but beds with them lie further to 
the east—in which Phyllothcca has occurred at Ilarpur’s Hill, and 
Glossopteris in the same way at Muree near Raymond Terrace. 
There is another item to be taken into account — the occurrence 
of fishes — one in the Newcastle seams, described and figured 
by Dana, viz., TJrosthenes Australis ; and many of different species 
in the beds above the Coal Measures, of which mention will be 
made hereafter. 
The greater part of them are fragmentary, but others are 
entire. Some specimens exhibit the head, others the tail or 
hinder portion of the body, and one jaw bas been found with 
teeth which arc not shown in the other fishes. One has within a 
few weeks (January, 1878) been found in shale at Balmain, near 
Sydney, which is shaped like Belonostomus ; but the scales are 
not shown and the caudal fin is too indistinct to be traced, the 
vertebral column and some of the ribs are better defined, but it 
is out of shape, and can be merely guessed at. Only half of 
the body was found in digging a well, and the remainder was 
searched for, at the desire of Mr. "Wilkinson, E.G.S., and myself, 
and has been with difficulty discovered. 
Of these fishes, Palaioniscus was recognized by Sir P. Egerton, 
from Parramatta and the Gibraltar Tunnel, between Nattai and 
Bowral, and one species assigned by that learned Ictbyologist is 
R,antipOdem. He considers the fishes to be Permian (Q.J.G.S., 
xx). Professor M‘Coy also has admitted that they have “a 
general aspect of Trias sic or Permian fishes.” (“ Official Record , 
1866-7, Melbourne Exhib.,p. 1B9,”) 
Some recent writers have called in question tlie claims of 
Palrconiscus to any Carboniferous rank. In a learned paper by 
Traquair — (Q.J.G.S, xxxiii, pp. 548-578. “ On the Agassizian 
genera Amblyptcrus , Pal&oniscus , Gyrolepis, and Pggopterus. By 
Ramsay JI. Traquair, M.D ., F.R.S.R., F.G.S., Keeper of the 
Natural-Hi story Collection in the Edinburgh Museum of Science 
and Art.” Read May, 1S77) — the author, after great detail and 
illustration, comes to the conclusion that the fishes named arc 
not Carboniferous but Permian. 
This determination does not interfere with the view I have 
maintained of the Palaw.oic age of some at least of our Aus¬ 
tralian Coal Measures, which is half supported by M*Coy, wholly 
by Egerton, and again confirmed by Dana. Mi*. AV. J. Barxas, 
L.R.C.P.L. and M.R.C.S.E., in a paper read before the Royal 
Society of New South "Wales, 3 Dec., 1877 — (“ On a Rental 
peculiarity of theLcpidosicida ?”) — devoted himself to a considera¬ 
tion of the doubtful character, as lie considers it, of the fishes, 
by Sir P. Egerton, viz., Palseoniscus, TJrosthenes, and Myriolepis. 
