New South Wales. 
59 
two series of beds. Resting on, or passing into each other 
without a break, they would assuredly show that such beds arc 
intimately related. 
If the idea be abandoned (and there is no real authority for if) 
that Glossopteris is an Oolitic plant, and if it be admitted that a 
fauna has more weight than a flora, and that it is most probable 
that floral identity never existed during the same epoch at the 
antipodes of the European Oolitic area, more reasonable will 
appear the position assigned by me to the New South Wales 
workable Coal-beds. 
Is it more remarkable tliat^Zawte held to be of Mesozoic age 
in Europe should be found at the Antipodes in a Palaeozoic for¬ 
mation, than that usually considered Mesozoic mollusca should 
be found in a similar formation? And the latter is not merely a 
conjecture but a fact, attested by Paleontologists of eminence. 
For instance, Munster in 1841*found the three genera Ammonites, 
Ceratites, and Qoniatites in one and the same bed belonging 
to the St. Cassian rocks of Austria ; and now we have Dr. 
Waagan, of the Geological Survey of India, proving to us 
that the same three genera have been found in the same bed 
together on the Salt Range, in the society of Products^ Atbyris, 
and other well-known Carboniferous fossils, pointing out that 
the Ammonites is there a Palaeozoic genus, which he places either 
in the upper part of the Carboniferous, or as Dr. Oldham con¬ 
siders our disputed Coal-beds may be, about the limits of the 
Permian and Carboniferous formations. 
I may also quote here Dr. EeistmantePs words in illustration 
of the mingling of fossils of distinctive formations: “We have in 
India the same cases. The genus Jlyperodapedon , which is yet 
known in England only from Trias, occurs here in the so-called 
Kota Malci'i beds, which are not older than Upper Lias ; this 
Jlyperodapedon is associated with Ceratodus, also of the kind that 
mostly occurs in Mas ; the genus Parasuclius, also a Triassic 
genus, occurs in the same beds, and with all these Lcpidotus (of 
Liassic character) is associated; or what shall we say when wo 
find in exquisitely Carboniferous beds (in the Salt Range) a 
Ceratites and Ammonites, together with Jroductus costatus and 
P. semireticulatus on one side, and on the other the typically 
Carboniferous genus JBellcrophon (in Europe and elsewhere) high 
up in distinctly Triassic beds, together with numerous Ceratites?” 
(MS.) * 
* Dr. Feifltmantel, the most patient and critical expounder of Indian Paleo¬ 
botany that we have yet had, devotes considerable space to the exemplification 
of similar interchanges in India and South Africa, not only between animal and 
plant remains, but especially with plant-beds of different stages (“ Itecords,” 
No. IV., 187G, p. 11G), and in “ Records ” (No. 2, p. 29) gives an explanation 
thus : “ In such cases we must only say, the flora of this or that locality (or 
