Neio South Wales. 
73 
way fishes have been found at various levels in shale patches, as 
on the Blue Mountains, at Parramatta, at Bilochi (or Cockatoo) 
Island, and other places near Sydney. The Wianamatta beds 
are, however, not all shale, for there are fine sandstones more 
compact and heavier than the HawkcsLury, calcareous sandstones 
and ferruginous nodules, bearing fishes and small fresh-water 
molluscs which remind one of the somewhat similar nodules of 
Permian beds of Germany. 
Could I have procured the remains of fishes that have been 
reported to me from beds belowthe Upper Coal, and of the finding 
of which there is pretty good evidence, we might have been able 
to show that the same genera that we find ranging from the 
Wianamatta down to the Coal Measures of Newcastle, all through 
the Hawkesbury series, occur still lower. 
A Palrconiscus, found since my discovery iu 1SG0, was ex¬ 
hibited by the Surveyor General (who gleaned after my harvest), 
in the Exhibition of 1S75 at Sydney; and a specimen of Cleithro- 
lepis found in a Hail way cutting on the Blue Mountains was 
shown by Mr. T. Brown, to whom it had been given by the 
finder after I had had it photographed. These formed part 
of the collection exhibited by the Mining Department at Phila¬ 
delphia. 
There are in the Wianamatta Beds in places columnar and 
pisolitic iron ore, abundance of fossilized wood, plant impressions, 
and calcareous sandstones, which latter form the highest levels 
and summits of insulated hills that attain hut moderate eleva¬ 
tion (1100-1300 loot) in the centre or on the outskirts of 
the basin, which latter is chiefly confined to the heart of the 
County of Cumberland and part of Camden, of which Bulbun- 
matta or Razor Back Baugo and Men angle Sugar Loaf arc out¬ 
lying rcdics of a once wider extended plateau. Fossil plants 
abound in some of the shales and line sandstones, and the whole 
area is marked either by old trappean or more recent basaltic 
rocks, which have produced some effects on the beds traversed 
by them. Very small patches of Coal occur, but no seams nor 
any of value have been met with. The old Diorite hill of 
Waimalcc, or Prospect, near Parramatta, must have existed long 
before the infilling of this basin, as the Wianamatta plant-beds 
on the Hanks of the hill have evidently derived their matrix irom 
the Diorite, and have since been intruded into by what is prob¬ 
ably Tertiary basalt. Felspathic trap is common in the basin, 
and may have been connected with this outburst of igneous 
eruptions which probably formed many of the solitary hills of a 
portion of the County of Camden. 
Victorian Palaeontologists claim for that Colony the existence 
of a Coal formation of the same age as the Wianamatta, and I 
have myself long ago pointed out that certain beds at the Barra- 
