96 
Sedimentary ’Formations 
New Zealand also contains a great number of Tertiary genera 
and species admirably detailed and arranged as belonging to the 
Upper Pliocene, Upper and Lower Miocene, and Upper Eocene, 
in a Catalogue by Captain F. W. H utton, F.G-.S.(“ Geological 
Survey, New Zealand," Wellington, 1873), of Tertiary Mollusca 
and Eehinodermata, in the collection of the Colonial Museum. 
The classification is based on th & percentage of recent species, 
the proportions of which are 70. 31, 23, and 0 per cent. 
With respect to the Australian Tertiaries, however, no one 
has done so much as the Rev. J. E. Tcnison- Woods whose pub¬ 
lications on the Victorian, Tasmanian, and South Australian 
strata are numerous and valuable. To enumerate them here 
would be unnecessary,as they will probably ere long be brought out 
by himself in a form available for the public benefit, and to the 
public appreciation of his long and persistent studies. Besides 
his numerous papers published elsewhere, Air. Woods has con¬ 
tributed in 1877 to the Royal Society of New South Wales, uo 
less than four papers showing great ability and very extensive 
knowledge of bis subject. It appears from his researches, that 
there are peculiarities in the Australian beds, and that it would 
not be altogether safe in relation to Australian deposits to trust 
to European arrangements ; nor does be think it clear that the 
Queensland cretaceous beds are altogether distinct from a com¬ 
mingling with Tertiaries. He has adopted also a view which 
must; to a great extent be true, as to the sudden upheaval of 
portions of the Southern Coast of New Holland. As to the 
cliffs of the Australian Bight which have never yet been scien¬ 
tifically examined, there must have been at least GOO feet of 
elevation, but the fossil ilcrous beds appear to rest on granite, of 
which the slopes are abrupt, and which descend according to a 
statement made to me by the late Capt. Owen Stanley, E.N., 
F.B.S., to an enormous depth, of which mention is made in 
“ Gaol. Magazine" vol. iii., pp. 503-551. Considering the depths 
sounded by the “ Challenger,” there is nothing remarkable in the 
idea that there may be depths within the assumed distance from 
the shore as great as any in the Atlantic or Pacific Oceans, or 
even greater, taking into account the general freedom from 
islands and reefs, regarding the granite as an evidence of upheaval, 
and its structure in vast nodular or spherical concretions. That 
such upheavals occupying even large areas along the Southern 
coast, are ndt inconsistent with subsidences of very great depth 
and extent on the East coast of Australia, offers no difficulty to 
those who regard such occurrences as the result of causes 
generally affecting the bottom of the ocean. 
Professor Tate of Adelaide has already given a fresh impetus 
to the study of Australian Tertiary (xeology, by his investigations 
respecting the Murray beds, and by the discovery among tliern 
