36 
In October, 1892, there is a note in the Agricultural Gazette of 
New South Wales recording its occurrence in that colony :— 
“ Orange scab has lately appeared on the orange trees growing in 
the districts around Dural, Galston, and Kurrajong. It appears 
on the fruit of the orange tree, and is often very severe.” 
In several colonies, including Victoria and South Australia, it 
is just beginning to attract attention, so that the time is ripe for 
spreading useful information about it. 
“ SCABBING” OF FRUIT. 
On the fruit it is very varied in its character, owing to the 
different fungi causing it, and the varying conditions under which 
it occurs. 
In “Lemon-scurf” ( Cladosporium furfuraccum) dingy white 
patches are formed, ultimately becoming dotted over with brownish- 
black spots, and these discoloured portions readily peel off in 
minute flakes, leaving the Lemon scurfy in appearance. 
In “Grey-scab” of the Orange ( Sporodesmium griseum) the 
patches are flat or slightly depressed, almost round, and breaking 
up into minute flakes, slightly darker (Plate V., Fig. 3). 
“Greyish-brown scab” of the Lemon (Cladosjwriuni subfusoi- 
deuni) occurs on both ripe and green Lemons and Citrons. On 
the green Lemon from Parramatta, New South Wales (Plate V., 
Fig. 1), there was a greyish-brown scab, mostly on one side, with 
clusters of black pustules, just visible to the naked eye, on the 
darker portions. These were the perithecia or spore-cases of 
Diplodia citricola , which fungus was associated with Cladosporium . 
The yellow Lemon from Wandiu Yallock, Victoria (Plate V., 
Fig. 2), had irregular pallid to dirty-white or even darkish-brown 
patches on the skin, sometimes of considerable size, not only 
spoiling the appearauco of the fruit, but interfering with its 
proper ripening, as well as its keoping qualities. The affected 
specimens, although yellow, were below the normal size, and 
sometimes a continuous scab-like surface occupied the whole of 
one side. Cladosporium and Dijdodia were present, as in the 
green specimen. 
The “False Melanose” is simply a form of scab, but as it is 
treated separately and specially (Plate 1.), I need not refer to it 
here. 
The “Black-scurf” of Citrus fruits has also already been 
described (Plate IV.). 
